Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Chinese Optics Letters

Loading of cold87Rb atom with diffuse light in an integrating sphere

肖玲 Ling Xiao, 王旭成 Xucheng Wang, 张文卓 Wenzhuo Zhang, 成华东 Huadong Cheng, 刘亮 Liang Liu, 王育竹 Yuzhu Wang

Published Jan 1, 2010• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Cold 87Rb atom's loading in an integrating sphere with diffuse light is analyzed theoretically and experimentally. The experimental results show that diffuse light cooling has the greatest efficiency to cool the most atoms when the red detuning between the frequencies of cooling light and atom transition is about 3.3\Γ (Γ is the natural linewidth, 6.065 MHz). Theoretical analysis using rate equation and numerical calculations on the cold atom number and loading time agree with the experimental results. This integrating sphere cooling would be a novel method for cooling atoms and lead to a new and robust cold atom source for atomic clock.

DOI
10.3788/m0000520100803.0253

Related papers

Laser cooling of rubidium 85 atoms in integrating sphere

王旭成, 成华东, 肖玲 +4 more

We cool 85Rb atoms in an integrating sphere directly from a vapor background using diffuse light generated by multiple reflections of laser beams in the inner surface of the integrating sphere. We compare and analyze the different features of cold 85Rb atoms and cold 87Rb atoms in diffuse light cooling, which are important in applying 85Rb and 87Rb isotopes in many experiments on testing fundamental physics.

Chinese Optics Letters•Jan 1, 2012•1 citation

Lifetime Measurement of Cold Atoms in an Integrating Sphere

Wenzhuo Zhang, Wang Xu-Cheng, Cheng Hua-Dong +3 more

We present an experimental measurement of the lifetime of the cold 87 Rb atoms in an integrating sphere. The atoms are cooled by the diffuse light which is generated by the diffuse reflection of laser beams in the integrating sphere. Our result shows that the lifetime is primarily determined by the free fall of the cold 87 Rb atoms, and its half-life can reach 40 ms, which is suitable for many experiments, especially for a cold atom clock.

Chinese Physics Letters•Aug 1, 2009•11 citations

Characterization of nonlinear spectral linewidth and light shift in diffuse laser-cooled atoms

Yiran Yin, An‐Ning Xu, Jin 瑾 Peng 彭 +1 more

Abstract We demonstrate an integrating sphere to cool 87Rb atoms and measure the recoil-induced resonance and electromagnetically induced absorption spectrum. We measure the relationship between their linewidth and light shift with variation of the detuning and power of the cooling laser and study the performance of the diffuse laser cooling mechanism by the absorption linewidth radio Δν E/Δν R and light shift |Δ R–Δ E| using nonlinear spectroscopy. Specifically, when Δν E/Δν R reaches a value of 1.57, the temperature and number of cold atoms achieve the optimal cooling effect. This characterization of absorption linewidth and light shift will provide a method to estimate whether diffuse light cooling achieves the best cooling effect, contributing to the future development of isotropic laser cooling for application in quantum sensing.

Chinese Physics B•Dec 2, 2024•3 citations

Laser cooling of rubidium atoms from background vapor in diffuse light

Hua-Dong Cheng, Wenzhuo Zhang, Hongyu Ma +2 more

In this paper we describe an experiment on laser cooling of $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms directly from a vapor background in diffuse light. Diffuse light is produced in a ceramic integrating sphere by multiple scattering of two laser beams injected through multimode fibers. A probe beam, whose propagation direction is either horizontal or vertical, is used to detect cold atoms. We measured the absorption spectra of the cold atoms by scanning the frequency of the probe beam, and observed both the absorption signal and the time of flight signal after we switched off the cooling light, from which we estimated the temperature and the number of cold atoms. This method is clearly attractive for building a compact cold atom clock.

Physical Review A•Feb 5, 2009•38 citations

Improvement in medium long-term frequency stability of the integrating sphere cold atom clock

Peng Liu, Hua-Dong Cheng, Yanling Meng +5 more

The medium long-term frequency stability of the integrating sphere cold atom clock was improved. During the clock operation, Rb87 atoms were cooled and manipulated using cooling light diffusely reflected by the inner surface of a microwave cavity in the clock. This light heated the cavity and caused a frequency drift from the resonant frequency of the cavity. Power fluctuations of the cooling light led to atomic density variations in the cavity’s central area, which increased the clock frequency instability through the cavity pulling effect. We overcame these limitations with appropriate solutions. A frequency stability of 3.5×10−15 was achieved when the integrating time τ increased to 2×104 s.

arXiv:1603.01001•Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Jun 7, 2016•10 citations

Cooling of rubidium atoms in pulsed diffuse laser light

Hua-Dong Cheng, Xucheng Wang, Ling Xiao +3 more

This paper reports an experiment on laser cooling of 87 Rb atoms in pulsed diffuse light, which is the key step towards a compact cold atom clock. It deduces an empirical formula to simulate the pulse cooling process based on the loading of cold atoms in cooling time and the loss in the dead time, which is in agreement with the experimental data. The formula gives a reference to select the parameters for the cold atom clock.

Chinese Physics B•Feb 1, 2011•8 citations
Cold 87Rb atom's loading in an integrating sphere with diffuse
light is analyzed theoretically and experimentally. The experimental results show
that diffuse light cooling has the greatest efficiency to cool the most atoms when
the red detuning between the frequencies of cooling light and atom transition is
about 3.3\Γ (Γ is the natural linewidth, 6.065 MHz). Theoretical analysis
using rate equation and numerical calculations on the cold atom number and loading
time agree with the experimental results. This integrating sphere cooling would be a
novel method for cooling atoms and lead to a new and robust cold atom source for
atomic clock.
Abstract We demonstrate an integrating sphere to cool 87Rb atoms and measure the recoil-induced resonance and electromagnetically induced absorption spectrum. We measure the relationship between their linewidth and light shift with variation of the detuning and power of the cooling laser and study the performance of the diffuse laser cooling mechanism by the absorption linewidth radio Δν E/Δν R and light shift |Δ R–Δ E| using nonlinear spectroscopy. Specifically, when Δν E/Δν R reaches a value of 1.57, the temperature and number of cold atoms achieve the optimal cooling effect. This characterization of absorption linewidth and light shift will provide a method to estimate whether diffuse light cooling achieves the best cooling effect, contributing to the future development of isotropic laser cooling for application in quantum sensing.
In this paper we describe an experiment on laser cooling of 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb atoms directly from a vapor background in diffuse light. Diffuse light is produced in a ceramic integrating sphere by multiple scattering of two laser beams injected through multimode fibers. A probe beam, whose propagation direction is either horizontal or vertical, is used to detect cold atoms. We measured the absorption spectra of the cold atoms by scanning the frequency of the probe beam, and observed both the absorption signal and the time of flight signal after we switched off the cooling light, from which we estimated the temperature and the number of cold atoms. This method is clearly attractive for building a compact cold atom clock.
The medium long-term frequency stability of the integrating sphere cold atom clock was improved. During the clock operation, Rb87 atoms were cooled and manipulated using cooling light diffusely reflected by the inner surface of a microwave cavity in the clock. This light heated the cavity and caused a frequency drift from the resonant frequency of the cavity. Power fluctuations of the cooling light led to atomic density variations in the cavity’s central area, which increased the clock frequency instability through the cavity pulling effect. We overcame these limitations with appropriate solutions. A frequency stability of 3.5×10−15 was achieved when the integrating time τ increased to 2×104 s.