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Laser Physics

Giant negative and positive Goos–Hänchen shifts via Doppler broadening effect

Aimen Malik, You-Lin Chaung, Muqadder Abbas, Ziauddin Ziauddin

Published May 16, 2019• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The magnitude enhancement of the Goos–Hänchen shift (GHS) in reflected light (RL) is investigated. We consider a cavity in which a four-level atomic medium with a double lambda ( )-type configuration is contained. By changing the relative phase of optical fields in the four-level atomic configuration, we obtain normal and anomalous dispersions. Similarly, the manipulation of the positive and negative GHS in the RL is explored via the control of the relative phase. In addition, we investigated the GHS in the RL with and without the Doppler broadening (DB) effect. Interestingly, giant GHS in the RL is revealed for the DB medium. The role of the Doppler width on the magnitude of the GHS in RL is also studied. We find that the magnitude of the negative and positive GHS in the RL increased via increasing the Doppler width.

DOI
10.1088/1555-6611/ab14ec

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•Jan 1, 2010•144 citations
Abstract The magnitude enhancement of the Goos–Hänchen shift (GHS) in reflected light (RL) is investigated. We consider a cavity in which a four-level atomic medium with a double lambda ( )-type configuration is contained. By changing the relative phase of optical fields in the four-level atomic configuration, we obtain normal and anomalous dispersions. Similarly, the manipulation of the positive and negative GHS in the RL is explored via the control of the relative phase. In addition, we investigated the GHS in the RL with and without the Doppler broadening (DB) effect. Interestingly, giant GHS in the RL is revealed for the DB medium. The role of the Doppler width on the magnitude of the GHS in RL is also studied. We find that the magnitude of the negative and positive GHS in the RL increased via increasing the Doppler width.
We study the Goos-Hänchen shift (GHS) of a reflected light beam from a cavity containing a double-[Formula: see text] atomic medium that is bounded by two glass slabs. Applying both coherent and incoherent fields to the atomic medium leads to positive and negative controllability of GHS. For some specific values of the parameters of the system, the amplitude of the GHS becomes large, namely, in the order of [Formula: see text] times the wavelength of the incident light beam. These large shifts are found at more than one angle of incidence with a wide range of parameters of the atomic medium.
The negative and positive Goos-H\"anchen (GH) shifts in reflected light are revisited for a partial coherent light incident on a cavity. A three-level dilute gaseous atomic medium, which follows two-photon Raman transitions, is considered in a cavity. The anomalous (negative group index) and normal (positive group index) dispersions of the intracavity medium lead to negative and positive GH shifts, respectively. The effects of beam width, spatial coherence, and mode index of partial coherent light fields are studied on the negative and positive GH shifts. It is observed that the amplitude of negative and positive GH shifts are relatively large for a small range of beam width and for a small value of spatial coherence of partial coherent light beams. The amplitude of GH shifts becomes small for large beam width and spatial coherence of incident light. Further, the distortion in the reflected light field increases when the amplitude of the GH shifts increases and vice versa.
The influence of spontaneous generated coherence (SGC) on the Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift in the reflected light is presented. A weak probe light is incident on a cavity containing three-level gaseous atomic medium consist of 85Rb atoms. The atom–field interaction follows electromagnetically induced transparency configuration, and the SGC modifies the dispersion and absorption properties of a system [Y. Niu and S. Gong, Phys. Rev. A 73, 053811 (2006)]. The SGC enhances the Kerr nonlinearity which leads to giant negative and positive GH shifts in the reflected light. Further, the control of negative and positive GH shifts is achieved via manipulation of probe field detuning.
This paper hints at the Goos-Hänchen shift properties of a cavity containing an ensemble of atoms using a four-level atomic system involving a Rydberg state. By means of the stationary phase theory and density matrix formalism in quantum optics, we study theoretically the Goos-Hänchen shifts in both reflected and transmitted light beams. It is realized that as a result of the interaction between Rydberg and excited states in such a four-level atom-light coupling scheme the maximum positive and negative Goos-Hänchen shifts can be obtained in reflected and transmitted light beams owning to the effect of the Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) or Rydberg electromagnetically induced absorption. In particular, when the switching field is absent and the Rydberg EIT is dominant in the medium, a giant Goos-Hänchen shift can be achieved for both reflected and transmitted light beams.
Abstract In this work, a four-level sodium atomic medium coupled to a single mode cavity is used to investigate the Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift. Using collective phase of the control fields and intensity of Rabi oscillation, the positive as well as negative GH-shift in transmission and reflection beams are examined. In the transmission beam, a maximum GH-shift of ±6λ is observed. Furthermore, GH-shift in both reflection and transmission beams in a four-level sodium atomic medium is significantly enhanced by photon number density as well as by the cavity coupling strength. By varying the collective phase of the control fields and the probe field frequency, GH-shift in reflection exhibits a maximum value of ±2λ. Our findings may open up significant applications in micro-optics, sensers, photonic crystals and nano processor technology.
The behavior of the Goos-Hanchen (GH) shifts in the reflected and transmitted light beam which is incident on a cavity containing an intracavity medium of three-level or four-level atoms with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is discussed. We report a coherent control of the GH shift in a fixed configuration or device via superluminal and subluminal wave propagation. For superluminal wave propagation, we observe negative GH shifts in the reflected part of the incident light whereas the shifts are positive in the transmitted light beam. This corresponds to the negative group index of the cavity in the former case and positive group index of the cavity in the latter. For subluminal wave propagation, the behavior of the GH shifts in the reflected light changes and positive shifts appear