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Physical Review A

Giant Goos-Hänchen shift using PT symmetry

Ziauddin Ziauddin, You-Lin Chuang, Ray‐Kuang Lee

Published Jul 8, 2015• 46 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Influence of $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry on the Goos-H\"anchen (GH) shift in the reflected light is presented for an ensemble of atomic medium in a cavity, in the configuration of four-level $N$-type ($^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms) systems driving by two copropagating strong laser fields and a weak probe field. The atom-field interaction follows the realization of $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry by adjusting the coupling field detunings [J. Sheng et al., Phys. Rev. A 88, 041803(R) (2013)]. A giant enhancement for the GH shift in the reflected light is revealed when the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry condition is satisfied.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.92.013815

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Influence of PT\mathcal{PT}PT symmetry on the Goos-H"anchen (GH) shift in the reflected light is presented for an ensemble of atomic medium in a cavity, in the configuration of four-level NNN-type (87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb atoms) systems driving by two copropagating strong laser fields and a weak probe field. The atom-field interaction follows the realization of PT\mathcal{PT}PT symmetry by adjusting the coupling field detunings [J. Sheng et al., Phys. Rev. A 88, 041803(R) (2013)]. A giant enhancement for the GH shift in the reflected light is revealed when the PT\mathcal{PT}PT-symmetry condition is satisfied.
The influence of spontaneous generated coherence (SGC) on the Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift in the reflected light is presented. A weak probe light is incident on a cavity containing three-level gaseous atomic medium consist of 85Rb atoms. The atom–field interaction follows electromagnetically induced transparency configuration, and the SGC modifies the dispersion and absorption properties of a system [Y. Niu and S. Gong, Phys. Rev. A 73, 053811 (2006)]. The SGC enhances the Kerr nonlinearity which leads to giant negative and positive GH shifts in the reflected light. Further, the control of negative and positive GH shifts is achieved via manipulation of probe field detuning.
Control of Goos-H$\stackrel{\ifmmode \ddot{}\else \"{}\fi{}}{\text{a}}$nchen (GH) shift in reflected and transmitted light is revisited for a Gaussian light incident on a cavity. The intracavity atomic medium follows duplicated two-level atomic configurations where two fields, i.e., a strong control field and a relatively weak probe field are employed [F. A. Hashmi and M. A. Bouchene, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 213601 (2008)]. The coherent control is achieved via phase shift $\ensuremath{\phi}$ between control and probe fields. The effect of incident light width on negative or positive GH shifts and distortion in the reflected and transmitted light is investigated.
The Goos-Hänchen (GH) shifts of light beams reflected from conventional passive optical systems could be enhanced using the Brewster angle effect or resonance effect, but the maximum GH shift is located at the reflectance minima, which is difficult for experimental detection. In this paper, we present an efficient and flexible scheme to realize complex parity-time (PT)-symmetric periodic optical potentials (complex crystals) in helium atomic vapor. The GH shifts of probe light reflected from the complex crystal are theoretically investigated and large GH shifts could be obtained inside the high-reflection band. When the complex crystal is operated near the coherent perfect absorption-laser point, the maximum GH shift of probe light is exactly located at the reflectance peak. Moreover, the GH shifts could be easily controlled by adjusting the intensity of control light.
Abstract This article investigates the Goos-Hӓnchen(GH) shift of the reflected light of an ensemble of optical lattices in a cavity. We consider a lambda-type ensemble of three-level atoms to form the optical lattice and apply three fields, two weak fields (probe and microwave) and one strong field. The microwave field transforms the medium into a gain medium, resulting in the optical lattice containing both loss and gain. The co-existence of gain and loss leads to parity-time symmetry in the system. By satisfying the parity-time symmetry condition, we can modify the magnitude of the GH shift. Our results suggest that the GH shift can be controlled in systems exhibiting parity-time symmetry.
Abstract In this work, a four-level sodium atomic medium coupled to a single mode cavity is used to investigate the Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift. Using collective phase of the control fields and intensity of Rabi oscillation, the positive as well as negative GH-shift in transmission and reflection beams are examined. In the transmission beam, a maximum GH-shift of ±6λ is observed. Furthermore, GH-shift in both reflection and transmission beams in a four-level sodium atomic medium is significantly enhanced by photon number density as well as by the cavity coupling strength. By varying the collective phase of the control fields and the probe field frequency, GH-shift in reflection exhibits a maximum value of ±2λ. Our findings may open up significant applications in micro-optics, sensers, photonic crystals and nano processor technology.
A gain-assisted model is considered to study the Goos-H$\stackrel{\ifmmode \ddot{}\else \"{}\fi{}}{\text{a}}$nchen (GH) shift behavior in the reflected and transmitted light. In this model, a probe light is incident on a cavity containing three-level dilute gaseous atomic medium. The atom-field interaction follows two-photon Raman transitions, and the dielectric susceptibility of the medium exhibits dispersion and gain properties [L. J. Wang, A. Kuzmich, and A. Dogariu, Nature (London) 406, 227 (2000)]. Under appropriate conditions, two gain peaks are observed with anomalous dispersion between the peaks, whereas normal dispersion can be observed at and around the gain maxima. The manipulation of the detuning associated with the probe light field which interacts with the intracavity medium during its propagation through the cavity can lead to a control over negative and positive GH shift in the reflected and transmitted light beam via the anomalous and normal dispersion of the medium.