Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

IEEE Communications Letters

3D Beamforming With Massive Cylindrical Arrays for Physical Layer Secure Data Transmission

Elias E. Yaacoub, Mohammed Al‐Husseini, Ali Chehab, Khalid Abualsaud, Tamer M. Khattab, Mohsen Guizani

Published Mar 8, 2019• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this letter, a novel approach for physical layer security is implemented using massive cylindrical antenna arrays. A part of the arrays is used for transmitting a signal reliably from source to destination using highly directive beams. At the same time, the remaining part can be used to mitigate eavesdropping by transmitting a jamming signal through another directive beam toward the eavesdropper. In addition, the cylindrical arrays can mitigate the impact of malicious jamming by placing a null in the array pattern at the destination in the direction of the jammer. The results show that the proposed approach can lead to good jamming mitigation and high secrecy capacity in both 2D and 3D, even when there are errors in determining the location of the eavesdropper.

DOI
10.1109/lcomm.2019.2904057

Related papers

Achieving physical layer security with massive MIMO beamforming

Elias E. Yaacoub, Mohammed Al‐Husseini

Physical layer security allows secure communications between a source and destination without the need to resort to key-based encryption techniques. Its increasing importance stems from the difficulty of implementing advanced encryption techniques in certain networks, such as the internet of things (IoT). In this paper, physical layer security is implemented by using massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) techniques. Specifically, beamforming with large cylindrical antenna arrays is investigated. These arrays allow the transmission of both the useful signal to the destination and the jamming signal to the eavesdropper without resorting to the help of other nodes for relaying the signal and/or jamming the eavesdropper. Simulation results show that high levels of secrecy capacity can be achieved with the proposed approach.

European Conference on Antennas and Propagation•Mar 1, 2017•25 citations

On the use of massive cylindrical antenna arrays for physical layer security

Elias E. Yaacoub

The need for physical layer security techniques is increasing with the deployments of machine to machine (M2M), internet of things (IoT), and device to device (D2D) communications. An important aspect of physical layer security is to perform covert communications of a possibly unencrypted signal without allowing an eavesdropper to detect the signal. In this paper, cylindrical antenna arrays with a large number of elements are proposed in order to reach this objective. These arrays allow the transmission of both the useful signal to the destination and the jamming signal to the eavesdropper without resorting to the help of other nodes for relaying the signal and/or jamming the eavesdropper. In addition, these arrays can be used at the destination for enhancing the received signal level and/or jamming the eavesdropper simultaneously with the transmitter. Monte Carlo simulation results show that high levels of secrecy capacity can be achieved with the proposed approach.

IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM)•Nov 1, 2016•4 citations

Massive Planar Antenna Arrays for Physical Layer Security

Mahdi M. Chehimi, Rofaida Al Ahmad Matar, Elias E. Yaacoub +2 more

The need for physical layer security techniques is increasing rapidly with the significant rise in the number of devices connected to the internet. In this paper, physical layer security using massive planar antenna arrays is investigated to secure the communication between two parties in the presence of an eavesdropper. Different scenarios are studied assuming the presence of a passive eavesdropper at a known location. Some of the subarrays of the massive planar antenna arrays at both the transmitter and receiver are used to send jamming signals towards the eavesdropper to improve security. To measure the system secrecy, the secrecy capacity between the transmitter and receiver is derived and different schemes are studied considering their effect on the secrecy capacity. The simulation results show that when jamming signals are sent to the eavesdropper, the secrecy capacity improves significantly, and the eavesdropper is unable to obtain considerable useful information. Therefore, the use of massive MIMO for joint transmission and jamming is an important physical layer security technique to combat a passive eavesdropper.

International Conference on Advances in Computational Tools for Engineering Applications•Jul 1, 2019•2 citations

Securing wireless communications in transmit‐beamforming systems by precoding jamming noise signals

Shichuan Ma, Michael Hempel, Yaoqing Lamar Yang +1 more

ABSTRACT Information transmission in wireless communication systems is traditionally protected by cryptographic techniques at the higher layers. Recently, a method of physical layer security has attracted much attention because it can potentially provide lower probability of interception of the signals at the eavesdroppers and hence augment the link security in addition to the conventional encryptions. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to securing transmit‐beamforming systems by using uniquely designed jamming noise signal, which can significantly degrade the signal quality at the eavesdropper but not at the intended receiver. The jamming noise signal is generated from the null space of the channel matrix. An eigenvector‐based implementation of this theoretical method is also provided. Unlike previous physical layer security methods, the proposed approach can provide secure communications over systems with arbitrary antenna configurations. Our proposed method offers more degrees of freedom to generate the jamming noise signal, resulting in the eavesdropper being unable to decode the information signals. Moreover, the eavesdropper cannot influence the system secrecy capacity by employing more antennas or by moving close to the transmitter. Simulation results show that the secrecy capacity increases significantly, by about 7 bits/s/Hz for a 4 × 4 antenna configuration, under typical transmit power constraints. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Security and Communication Networks•Nov 8, 2011•1 citation

Two-phase cooperative jamming and beamforming for physical layer secrecy

Mohammad Hatami, Mojtaba Jahandideh, Hamid Behroozi

The broadcast nature of wireless communications makes the propagation medium vulnerable to security attacks such as eavesdropping and jamming from adversarial or unauthorized users. Applying physical layer secrecy approaches will enable the exchange of confidential messages over a wireless medium in the presence of unauthorized eavesdroppers, without using any secret keys. However, physical layer security approaches are typically feasible only when the source-eavesdropper channel is weaker than the source-destination channel. Cooperative jamming can be used to overcome this challenge and increase the secrecy rate. In this paper, the security of two-phase relaying system with multiple intermediate nodes and in the presence of an eavesdropper is investigated. To enhance the system secrecy rate, a joint cooperative beamforming and jamming combined with relay and jammer selections is proposed. In phase I, the source node broadcasts a signal to relays while three intermediate nodes (which act as jammers) help the source node by transmitting random jamming signals to confuse the eavesdropper. Since the friendly (cooperative) jammers create interference for both the intended relays and the eavesdropper, optimal beamforming is applied such that no interference is caused at two preselected desired relays (that are going to receive the confidential massage in phase I). In phase II, two preselected relays transmit the source message with beamforming coefficients such that the received signal at the eavesdropper is completely nulled out. Our goal in this paper is to minimize the received SNR at the eavesdropper while increasing it at the destination as much as possible by applying different methods such as cooperative beamforming, cooperative jamming and relay selection. To avoid operational complexity, we consider the minimum number of intermediate nodes that are necessary without losing the performance. Numerical results demonstrate the advantage of our proposed scheme compared with the scheme with no cooperative jamming.

Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering•May 1, 2015•2 citations

Cooperative Jamming and Relay Beamforming Design for Physical Layer Secure Two-Way Relaying

Zonghao Ma, Yanhui Lu, Lingfeng Shen +2 more

In this work, physical layer secure transmission of a cooperative wireless communication system over a three-phase amplify-and-forward (AF) two-way relaying channels is studied. A cooperative jamming and multi-antenna relay beamforming scheme that improves physical layer security of the system is proposed. Specifically, it is suggested that in the first and second timeslots when the legitimate users transmit alternatively, a jamming signal can be transmitted by the legitimate party that is not transmitting information-bearing signals This scheme, compared with the approach using a dedicated jammer, achieves a similar jamming effect with reduced complexity. In the third time slot of the protocol, the relay uses two beamforming matrices to process the bidirectional information signals. The jamming signal components at the relay are projected onto the null space of the legitimate relay-destination channels such that they do not affect legitimate communications. Through joint optimization, the sum throughput of the legitimate communication is maximized. In the numerical examples, the proposed scheme is shown to improve the system's secrecy transmission performance.

International Conference on Cyber-Enabled Distributed Computing and Knowledge Discovery (CyberC)•Oct 1, 2018•3 citations
In this letter, a novel approach for physical layer security is implemented using massive cylindrical antenna arrays. A part of the arrays is used for transmitting a signal reliably from source to destination using highly directive beams. At the same time, the remaining part can be used to mitigate eavesdropping by transmitting a jamming signal through another directive beam toward the eavesdropper. In addition, the cylindrical arrays can mitigate the impact of malicious jamming by placing a null in the array pattern at the destination in the direction of the jammer. The results show that the proposed approach can lead to good jamming mitigation and high secrecy capacity in both 2D and 3D, even when there are errors in determining the location of the eavesdropper.
Physical layer security allows secure communications between a source and destination without the need to resort to key-based encryption techniques. Its increasing importance stems from the difficulty of implementing advanced encryption techniques in certain networks, such as the internet of things (IoT). In this paper, physical layer security is implemented by using massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) techniques. Specifically, beamforming with large cylindrical antenna arrays is investigated. These arrays allow the transmission of both the useful signal to the destination and the jamming signal to the eavesdropper without resorting to the help of other nodes for relaying the signal and/or jamming the eavesdropper. Simulation results show that high levels of secrecy capacity can be achieved with the proposed approach.
The need for physical layer security techniques is increasing with the deployments of machine to machine (M2M), internet of things (IoT), and device to device (D2D) communications. An important aspect of physical layer security is to perform covert communications of a possibly unencrypted signal without allowing an eavesdropper to detect the signal. In this paper, cylindrical antenna arrays with a large number of elements are proposed in order to reach this objective. These arrays allow the transmission of both the useful signal to the destination and the jamming signal to the eavesdropper without resorting to the help of other nodes for relaying the signal and/or jamming the eavesdropper. In addition, these arrays can be used at the destination for enhancing the received signal level and/or jamming the eavesdropper simultaneously with the transmitter. Monte Carlo simulation results show that high levels of secrecy capacity can be achieved with the proposed approach.
The need for physical layer security techniques is increasing rapidly with the significant rise in the number of devices connected to the internet. In this paper, physical layer security using massive planar antenna arrays is investigated to secure the communication between two parties in the presence of an eavesdropper. Different scenarios are studied assuming the presence of a passive eavesdropper at a known location. Some of the subarrays of the massive planar antenna arrays at both the transmitter and receiver are used to send jamming signals towards the eavesdropper to improve security. To measure the system secrecy, the secrecy capacity between the transmitter and receiver is derived and different schemes are studied considering their effect on the secrecy capacity. The simulation results show that when jamming signals are sent to the eavesdropper, the secrecy capacity improves significantly, and the eavesdropper is unable to obtain considerable useful information. Therefore, the use of massive MIMO for joint transmission and jamming is an important physical layer security technique to combat a passive eavesdropper.
ABSTRACT Information transmission in wireless communication systems is traditionally protected by cryptographic techniques at the higher layers. Recently, a method of physical layer security has attracted much attention because it can potentially provide lower probability of interception of the signals at the eavesdroppers and hence augment the link security in addition to the conventional encryptions. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to securing transmit‐beamforming systems by using uniquely designed jamming noise signal, which can significantly degrade the signal quality at the eavesdropper but not at the intended receiver. The jamming noise signal is generated from the null space of the channel matrix. An eigenvector‐based implementation of this theoretical method is also provided. Unlike previous physical layer security methods, the proposed approach can provide secure communications over systems with arbitrary antenna configurations. Our proposed method offers more degrees of freedom to generate the jamming noise signal, resulting in the eavesdropper being unable to decode the information signals. Moreover, the eavesdropper cannot influence the system secrecy capacity by employing more antennas or by moving close to the transmitter. Simulation results show that the secrecy capacity increases significantly, by about 7 bits/s/Hz for a 4 × 4 antenna configuration, under typical transmit power constraints. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The broadcast nature of wireless communications makes the propagation medium vulnerable to security attacks such as eavesdropping and jamming from adversarial or unauthorized users. Applying physical layer secrecy approaches will enable the exchange of confidential messages over a wireless medium in the presence of unauthorized eavesdroppers, without using any secret keys. However, physical layer security approaches are typically feasible only when the source-eavesdropper channel is weaker than the source-destination channel. Cooperative jamming can be used to overcome this challenge and increase the secrecy rate. In this paper, the security of two-phase relaying system with multiple intermediate nodes and in the presence of an eavesdropper is investigated. To enhance the system secrecy rate, a joint cooperative beamforming and jamming combined with relay and jammer selections is proposed. In phase I, the source node broadcasts a signal to relays while three intermediate nodes (which act as jammers) help the source node by transmitting random jamming signals to confuse the eavesdropper. Since the friendly (cooperative) jammers create interference for both the intended relays and the eavesdropper, optimal beamforming is applied such that no interference is caused at two preselected desired relays (that are going to receive the confidential massage in phase I). In phase II, two preselected relays transmit the source message with beamforming coefficients such that the received signal at the eavesdropper is completely nulled out. Our goal in this paper is to minimize the received SNR at the eavesdropper while increasing it at the destination as much as possible by applying different methods such as cooperative beamforming, cooperative jamming and relay selection. To avoid operational complexity, we consider the minimum number of intermediate nodes that are necessary without losing the performance. Numerical results demonstrate the advantage of our proposed scheme compared with the scheme with no cooperative jamming.
In this work, physical layer secure transmission of a cooperative wireless communication system over a three-phase amplify-and-forward (AF) two-way relaying channels is studied. A cooperative jamming and multi-antenna relay beamforming scheme that improves physical layer security of the system is proposed. Specifically, it is suggested that in the first and second timeslots when the legitimate users transmit alternatively, a jamming signal can be transmitted by the legitimate party that is not transmitting information-bearing signals This scheme, compared with the approach using a dedicated jammer, achieves a similar jamming effect with reduced complexity. In the third time slot of the protocol, the relay uses two beamforming matrices to process the bidirectional information signals. The jamming signal components at the relay are projected onto the null space of the legitimate relay-destination channels such that they do not affect legitimate communications. Through joint optimization, the sum throughput of the legitimate communication is maximized. In the numerical examples, the proposed scheme is shown to improve the system's secrecy transmission performance.