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Optics Express

High quality factor electromagnetically induced transparency-like effect in coupled guided-mode resonant systems

Yunxin Han, Junbo Yang, Xin He, Jie Huang, Jingjing Zhang, Dingbo Chen, Zhaojian Zhang

Published Mar 1, 2019• 20 citations
Publisher

Abstract

substrates. It is confirmed that the coupling between the top and bottom GMR modes starts once a Fabry-Perot (F-P) resonator is introduced, and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like spectral responses occur in the coupled GMR systems. A very narrow transparency window with a high-quality (Q) factor EIT-like effect of up to 288,892 was demonstrated. Furthermore, EIT-like response wavelengths can be flexibly designed in wide wavelength range by modifying either the GMR resonance frequencies or the space between two GWLs. Therefore, this EIT-like response in coupled GMR systems would pave the way towards novel sensors with extremely high sensitivity.

DOI
10.1364/oe.27.007712

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substrates. It is confirmed that the coupling between the top and bottom GMR modes starts once a Fabry-Perot (F-P) resonator is introduced, and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like spectral responses occur in the coupled GMR systems. A very narrow transparency window with a high-quality (Q) factor EIT-like effect of up to 288,892 was demonstrated. Furthermore, EIT-like response wavelengths can be flexibly designed in wide wavelength range by modifying either the GMR resonance frequencies or the space between two GWLs. Therefore, this EIT-like response in coupled GMR systems would pave the way towards novel sensors with extremely high sensitivity.
The realization of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect based on guided-mode resonance (GMR) has attracted a lot of attention. However, achieving the multispectral EIT effect in this way has not been studied. Here, we numerically realize a double EIT-ike effect with extremely high Q factors based on a GMR system with the double-bar dielectric grating structure, and the Q factors can reach 35,104 and 24,423, respectively. Moreover, the resonance wavelengths of the two EIT peaks can be flexibly controlled by changing the corresponding structural parameters. The figure of merit (FOM) of the dual-mode refractive index sensor based on this system can reach 571.88 and 587.42, respectively. Our work provides a novel method to achieve double EIT-like effects, which can be applied to the dual mode sensor, dual channel slow light and so on.
We investigate the plasmonic analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) using two adjacent graphene-based Fabry-Perot (F-P) resonators side coupling to a nanoribbon waveguide. By the coupling mode theory in time and F-P resonant model, the destructive interference from the coupling of the two F-P resonators results in the EIT-like optical response. The induced peak and width of the transparency window can be dynamically manipulated by varying the coupling distance of the two resonators, and the transparent window is easily shifted by tuning the resonator length or the chemical potential of the graphene nanoribbon. In order to verify the characteristics of slow light, the group index profile is analyzed at different coupling distances. The proposed graphene-based EIT-like system could open up new opportunities for potential applications in plasmonic slow light and optical information buffering devices.
An all-pass microring-Bragg gratings (APMR-BG) based coupling resonant system is proposed and experimentally demonstrated to generate electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like transmission for the first time. The coupling between two light path ways in the micro-ring resonator and the Fabry-Pérot (F-P) resonator formed by two sections of Bragg gratings gives rise to the EIT-like spectrum. This system has the advantage of a small footprint consisting of only one microring resonator and one bus waveguide with Bragg gratings. It also has a large fabrication tolerance as the overlap requirement between the resonance wavelengths of the microring and the F-P resonator is more relaxed. The two most important properties of the EIT-like transmission namely the insertion loss (IL) and the full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) have been analytically investigated by utilizing the specially developed model based on the transfer matrix method. The APMR-BG based coupling resonant system was fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. The EIT-like transmission with an extinction ratio (ER) of 12 dB, a FWHM of 0.077 nm and a quality factor (Q factor) of 20200 was achieved, which agree well with the simulated results based on our numerical model. A slow light with a group delay of 38 ps was also obtained.
We investigated numerically the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) behavior with the maximum Q factor is up to 28000 in a metal-dielectric metamaterial. It composed of two layers, a metallic strip as bright mode stacked above a dielectric rod as another bright mode. The coherent coupling between the broad electric dipole induced by the metal strip and the narrow toroidal dipole induced by the dielectric rod leads to the destructive interference, then introduces a transparency window. Interestingly, the EIT window could be effectively influenced by varying parameters of the two layers and the thickness of middle spacer. This process can be explained by using two-particle model. Furthermore, the radiation loss is greatly suppressed within the EIT windows and the slow light effect is improved a lot. These excellent properties also provide an effective platform for the filters and sensitive chemical and biological sensors in the optical range.
In recent years, the achievement of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) effect based on the guided-mode resonance (GMR) effect has attracted extensive attention. However, few works have achieved a double EIT-like effect using this method. In this paper, we numerically achieve a double EIT-like effect in a GMR system with a three-layer silicon nitride waveguide grating structure (WGS), using the multi-level atomic system model for theoretical explanation. In terms of slow light performance, the corresponding two delay times reach 22.59 ps and 8.43 ps, respectively. We also investigate the influence of wavelength detuning of different GMR modes on the transparent window and slow light performance. Furthermore, a wide-band flat-top transparent window was also achieved by appropriately adjusting the wavelength detuning between GMR modes. These results indicate that the EIT-like effect in the WGS has potential application prospects in low-loss slow optical devices, optical sensing, and optical communications.
We theoretically and experimentally studied the coupling of the magnetic Mie resonance of a dielectric cuboid and the guide mode resonance of an alumina slab in an all-dielectric metamaterial. It is found that the excitation of the discrete guide mode resonance or substrate resonance of the alumina slab can be properly controlled by designing the geometry of the dielectric cuboid. Moreover, it is found that the coupling of substrate resonance and the Mie resonance of the cuboid can be tailored to achieve electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)--like spectrum. The tunability of the EIT-like spectrum based on the geometric parameters was also studied. Our results utilizing the crucial contribution of substrate derive a realization of EIT in all-dielectric metamaterial and thus pave a way for optical spectral control with all-dielectric coupled system.