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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Integrated Electronics for Chip-Scale Trapped-Ion Quantum Control

Jules Stuart, R. L. Panock, Colin Bruzewicz, Jonathon A. Sedlacek, Robert McConnell, Jeremy Sage, John Chiaverini

Published May 31, 2018• 0 citations
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One of the most formidable challenges of scaling up quantum computers is that of control-signal delivery.Today's small-scale quantum computers typically connect each qubit to one or more separate external signal sources.This approach is not scalable due to the input/output (I/O) limitations of the qubit chip, necessitating the integration of control electronics.However, it is no small feat to shrink control electronics into a small package that is compatible with qubit-chip fabrication and operational constraints without sacrificing performance.This so-called "wiring challenge" is likely to impact the development of more powerful quantum computers even in the near term.In this paper, we address the wiring challenge of trapped-ion quantum computers.We describe a control architecture called WISE (Wiring using Integrated Switching Electronics), which significantly reduces the I/O requirements of ion-trap quantum computing chips without compromising performance.Our method relies on judiciously integrating simple switching electronics into the ion-trap chip-in a way that is compatible with its fabrication and operation constraints-while the complex electronics remain external.To demonstrate its power, we describe how the WISE architecture can be used to operate a fully connected 1000-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer using approximately 200 signal sources at a speed of approximately 40-2600 quantum gate layers per second.

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Quantum computers based on trapped ions have approached the point of executing interesting near-term algorithms, but scaling beyond tens of ion qubits will require either increasingly large experiments or integration of control technology. This article presents the design and implementation of a cryogenically compatible dc voltage source incorporated into the substrate beneath the electrodes of an ion trap. An analog switch enables the integrated circuit to reach noise levels similar to those in much larger commercial electronics. These results herald the application of similar designs in future experiments focused on creating scalable or deployable quantum systems.

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Bulletin of the American Physical Society•Oct 24, 2015•0 citations
One of the most formidable challenges of scaling up quantum computers is that of control-signal delivery.Today's small-scale quantum computers typically connect each qubit to one or more separate external signal sources.This approach is not scalable due to the input/output (I/O) limitations of the qubit chip, necessitating the integration of control electronics.However, it is no small feat to shrink control electronics into a small package that is compatible with qubit-chip fabrication and operational constraints without sacrificing performance.This so-called "wiring challenge" is likely to impact the development of more powerful quantum computers even in the near term.In this paper, we address the wiring challenge of trapped-ion quantum computers.We describe a control architecture called WISE (Wiring using Integrated Switching Electronics), which significantly reduces the I/O requirements of ion-trap quantum computing chips without compromising performance.Our method relies on judiciously integrating simple switching electronics into the ion-trap chip-in a way that is compatible with its fabrication and operation constraints-while the complex electronics remain external.To demonstrate its power, we describe how the WISE architecture can be used to operate a fully connected 1000-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer using approximately 200 signal sources at a speed of approximately 40-2600 quantum gate layers per second.
This paper presents an overview of the latest research results on integrated, cryogenic-compatible electronics for ion shuttling operation in Trapped-Ion Quantum Computers (TIQCs). Integrated circuit (IC) realization is essential to enable system scaling towards a larger number of qubits. Firstly, we review the specific challenges related to the shuttling operation and ion confinement. Consequently, implications on circuit design of an integrated shuttling controller system on chip (SoC) are discussed. Particularly, among other circuit design parameters, we analyze in detail the requirements on power and area consumption, noise performance, and cryogenic-compatibility. Secondly, we provide an overview on reported discrete solutions, eventually highlighting the need for a dedicated integrated shuttling controller SoC. Hence, state of the art integrated shuttling controller approaches are presented and reviewed. Finally, we conclude the paper with an outlook on promising integrated circuit concepts for shuttling controllers.
Quantum computers based on trapped ions have approached the point of executing interesting near-term algorithms, but scaling beyond tens of ion qubits will require either increasingly large experiments or integration of control technology. This article presents the design and implementation of a cryogenically compatible dc voltage source incorporated into the substrate beneath the electrodes of an ion trap. An analog switch enables the integrated circuit to reach noise levels similar to those in much larger commercial electronics. These results herald the application of similar designs in future experiments focused on creating scalable or deployable quantum systems.