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Laser Physics Letters

Spatial intensity distribution of controlled-NOT gate carrying orbital angular momentum via photonic band gap structure

Yan Zhang, Xiaorui Wang, Yun Zhe Zhang

Published May 23, 2018• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract By employing the different topological charges of a Laguerre–Gaussian beam as a qubit, we experimentally demonstrate a controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate with light beams carrying orbital angular momentum via a photonic band gap structure in a hot atomic ensemble. Through a degenerate four-wave mixing process, the spatial distribution of the CNOT gate including splitting and spatial shift can be affected by the Kerr nonlinear effect in multilevel atomic systems. Moreover, the intensity variations of the CNOT gate can be controlled by the relative phase modulation. This research can be useful for applications in quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1088/1612-202x/aabf1a

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Abstract By employing the different topological charges of a Laguerre–Gaussian beam as a qubit, we experimentally demonstrate a controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate with light beams carrying orbital angular momentum via a photonic band gap structure in a hot atomic ensemble. Through a degenerate four-wave mixing process, the spatial distribution of the CNOT gate including splitting and spatial shift can be affected by the Kerr nonlinear effect in multilevel atomic systems. Moreover, the intensity variations of the CNOT gate can be controlled by the relative phase modulation. This research can be useful for applications in quantum information processing.
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a controlled-not gate with light beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) through a degenerate four-wave mixing process via a photonic band gap structure satisfying the phase-matching condition. By employing the different topological charges of a Laguerre-Gaussian beam as a qubit in this nonlinear process, the controlled-not gate with OAM can be realized. Moreover, we investigate the evolution of the controlled-not gate, which can be modulated by the frequency and the power of the incident beam, i.e. , under electromagnetically induced transparency conditions. The study results are useful for applications in quantum communication and information storage.
We present an experimental study of controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate through four-wave mixing (FWM) process in a Rubidium vapor cell. A degenerate FWM process in a two level atomic system is directly excited by a single diode laser, where backward pump beam and probe beam are Laguerre Gaussian mode. By means of photons carrying orbital angular momentum, we demonstrate the ability to realize CNOT gate with topological charges transformation in this nonlinear process. The fidelity of CNOT gate for a superposition state with different topological charge reaches about 97% in our experiment.
We have experimentally generated a vortex six-wave mixing (SWM) signal via a photonic band gap structure in a hot atomic ensemble. The output SWM carrying orbital angular momentum, transferred from a probe beam, has the interaction with the nonlinear effect in the multilevel atomic system. Our results show that a spatial SWM image can be modulated by the detunings and intensities of the related generating fields. Also, the nonreciprocal feature of the SWM signal is demonstrated. Such characteristics can potentially be used in information processing.
Considering the fact that the orbital angular momentum of light can be transferred through light-matter interactions, we experimentally induced a dressed vortex four-wave mixing (FWM) with the interaction between a vortex probe beam and an inverted Y-type four-level atomic system with a photonic band gap. Further, the Kerr-nonlinearity-modulated propagation behaviors of the probe and the dressed FWM vortices are investigated, including the spatial shift, splitting, and incompleteness of the vortex shape. Strikingly, the propagation behaviors of the vortex beams can be influenced by the interaction between the nonlinear phase and the spiral phase. This study would promote the development of optical computing and information processing science related to the interactions between optical vortices and samples.
We analyze the properties of vortex probe transmission signal (PTS), four-wave mixing (FWM) and six-wave mixing (SWM) via photonic band gap in an atomic ensemble with different topological charge ( ). We demonstrate the transfer of orbital angular momentum (OAM) from probe to SWM in experiment. We show that the shapes of vortex SWM and FWM spots intensity have been manipulated by the interaction, which can be modulated by the detuning and topological charge of related fields, between helical phase and nonlinear phase. Due to the stronger interaction, the shape of vortex FWM and SWM with m = 2, m = 3 are strongly destroyed compared to m = 1. Such results could have potential applications in logical gates for quantum computation.
Abstract The coherent control of orbital angular momentum four-wave mixing (OAM-FWM) signal in a cascaded three-level atomic system by multiple parameters of incident lights is studied. Firstly, based on the Laguerre–Gaussian beam, the expressions for the intensity and phase of the FWM signal loaded with OAM were derived by solving the density matrix equation in the steady state. Then, through coordinate transformation, the spatial distribution construction of the OAM-FWM signal was completed. And the spatial structure of intensity and phase distribution are investigated respectively. It is shown that the Rabi frequency and detuning can effectively control the output OAM-FWM signal. Finally, we further study the phase distribution of multiple topological charge (TC) numbers in the FWM process, considering the conservation of OAM. As a result, the signal can also be regulated by multiple TC numbers. The constructed OAM-FWM signal which has enhanced the information storage capacity, could be widely used in optical communication and quantum information research.