Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Interaction between helical phase and Kerr nonlinear phase in vortex four- and six-wave mixing

Zhiguo Wang, Yanyong Sun, Abdul Rasheed Mahesar, Yanpeng Zhang

Published Dec 5, 2018• 1 citation

Abstract

We analyze the properties of vortex probe transmission signal (PTS), four-wave mixing (FWM) and six-wave mixing (SWM) via photonic band gap in an atomic ensemble with different topological charge ( ). We demonstrate the transfer of orbital angular momentum (OAM) from probe to SWM in experiment. We show that the shapes of vortex SWM and FWM spots intensity have been manipulated by the interaction, which can be modulated by the detuning and topological charge of related fields, between helical phase and nonlinear phase. Due to the stronger interaction, the shape of vortex FWM and SWM with m = 2, m = 3 are strongly destroyed compared to m = 1. Such results could have potential applications in logical gates for quantum computation.

DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/124/34004

Related papers

Interference patterns of vortex beams based on photonic band gap structure

Zhiguo Wang, Jiawei Yang, Yanyong Sun +1 more

We experimentally observe a vortex six-wave mixing (SWM), namely, enhanced four-wave mixing (FWM), signal with its orbital angular momentum transferred from a vortex probe via a photonic band gap (PBG) structure in a hot rubidium vapor cell. By analyzing spatial images and interference patterns, on the one hand, we demonstrate spatial shift and splitting of the images as well as shift of phase singularity for the probe transmission signal under the nonlinear phase of different dressing fields; on the other hand, we observe defocusing and shift of the images as well as shift of phase singularity for the reflected vortex SWM signal by scanning the frequency detuning of a related field. Moreover, we find the interference patterns of the vortex probe can be switched from parallel shape to spiral shape by changing its incident angle. Also, we further research the spiral interference patterns of the transmitted signal by scanning the probe detuning, observing that the number of forks changes with the detuning. We consider the transmitted signal as a combined beam of the linear probe and nonlinear FWM, which are separated under Kerr effect. It is the separation that causes the fork number to change with probe detuning. Our studies are useful for better understanding and manipulation of optical vortices and have wide applications in quantum communication and information processing.

Optics LettersSep 4, 201818 citations

Kerr-nonlinearity-modulated dressed vortex four-wave mixing from photonic band gap

Junling Che, Peilin Zhao, Danmeng Ma +1 more

Considering the fact that the orbital angular momentum of light can be transferred through light-matter interactions, we experimentally induced a dressed vortex four-wave mixing (FWM) with the interaction between a vortex probe beam and an inverted Y-type four-level atomic system with a photonic band gap. Further, the Kerr-nonlinearity-modulated propagation behaviors of the probe and the dressed FWM vortices are investigated, including the spatial shift, splitting, and incompleteness of the vortex shape. Strikingly, the propagation behaviors of the vortex beams can be influenced by the interaction between the nonlinear phase and the spiral phase. This study would promote the development of optical computing and information processing science related to the interactions between optical vortices and samples.

Optics ExpressMay 30, 202014 citations

Modulated vortex six-wave mixing

Dan Zhang, Xing Liu, Lingmeng Yang +3 more

We have experimentally generated a vortex six-wave mixing (SWM) signal via a photonic band gap structure in a hot atomic ensemble. The output SWM carrying orbital angular momentum, transferred from a probe beam, has the interaction with the nonlinear effect in the multilevel atomic system. Our results show that a spatial SWM image can be modulated by the detunings and intensities of the related generating fields. Also, the nonreciprocal feature of the SWM signal is demonstrated. Such characteristics can potentially be used in information processing.

Optics LettersAug 4, 201737 citations

Dressed optical vortex in a hot atomic medium

Lanxiao Huang, Zhiguo Wang, Yanyong Sun +2 more

Abstract We experimentally observe the vortex six-wave mixing (SWM) signal carrying orbital angular momentum in a photonic band gap structure. First, we scan the probe detuning and the detuning of the dressing field to find an explanation for the intensity variation of four-wave mixing (FWM) intensity and the shift of forks in interference patterns. Then we change the power of the coupling field and obtain SWM images as well as its interference patterns to investigate the propagation characteristics, including spatial shift and splitting. We observe a change of fork quantity when decreasing the incident angle of the probe field. We suppose that the reflected signal is a combination of a linear probe and a nonlinear vortex FWM signal. By changing the incident angle of the field, the overlap condition between fields have changed correspondingly and the cross-Kerr effect of the coupling field on the linear vortex probe and third-order FWM become different, causing a separation in the center of the two components, which brings the inducement of additional forks.

Laser Physics LettersAug 8, 20190 citations

Six wave mixing process in photonic band gap

Yanyong Sun, Abdul Rasheed Mahesar, Zhiguo Wang +4 more

Abstract For the first time, we have experimentally and theoretically researched the double dressing effect on the six wave mixing photonic band gap signal (SWM BGS), probe transmission signal (PTS) and fluorescence signal (FLS) in an inverted Y-type four level atomic system. We investigate the characteristics of the SMW BGS, PTS and FLS, which can be controlled by beam, power and detuning. At the same time, the relative phase which is caused by the incident angle of dressing beams plays a vital role in modulating the intensity of the SWM BGS, PTS and FLS. Such a scheme has potential applications in optical diodes, amplifiers and quantum information processing.

Laser PhysicsMay 19, 20170 citations

Spatial modulation on vortex FWM induced by the nonlinear Kerr effect

Xuenan Li, Zhiguo Wang, Runding Luo +2 more

Abstract We experimentally observe the interference patterns of vortex probe transmission signal (PTS) and vortex four-wave mixing (FWM). By changing the difference in the divergences of two optical beams, the spiral interference patterns of the probe beam and the reference Gaussian probe beam can be obtained. It is found that in the interference patterns of vortex PTS, the shifting of the fork can be regulated by blocking different dressing fields and tuning the probe frequency. When the two-photon resonance condition is satisfied, the shift of the fork is the weakest since the strongest probe field intensity induces the weak nonlinear phase shift. In addition, we realize that the relationship between the intensities of the vortex FWM signal and the probe field is not monotonic, because both the intensity of probe field and the dressing effect will affect the intensity of the vortex FWM signal. We also find that the spatial modulations including shifting and splitting are also regulated by the intensity of the probe field and the coupling field. Here, the explanation of these phenomena is presented by the transition of the nonlinear refraction index. Finally, we realize that the singularity overlap or separation between the linear probe and the third-order vortex FWM will lead to the change of fork quantity. Our research is helpful to understand and manipulate optical vortices and can be widely used in quantum computation and communication.

Physica ScriptaMay 4, 20210 citations