Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Optics Express

Demonstration of CNOT gate with Laguerre Gaussian beams via four-wave mixing in atom vapor

Mingtao Cao, Ya Yu, Liyun Zhang, Fengjuan Ye, Yunlong Wang, Dong Wei, Pei Zhang, Wenge Guo, Shougang Zhang, Hong Gao, Fuli Li

Published Aug 13, 2014• 24 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present an experimental study of controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate through four-wave mixing (FWM) process in a Rubidium vapor cell. A degenerate FWM process in a two level atomic system is directly excited by a single diode laser, where backward pump beam and probe beam are Laguerre Gaussian mode. By means of photons carrying orbital angular momentum, we demonstrate the ability to realize CNOT gate with topological charges transformation in this nonlinear process. The fidelity of CNOT gate for a superposition state with different topological charge reaches about 97% in our experiment.

DOI
10.1364/oe.22.020177

Related papers

Spatial intensity distribution of controlled-NOT gate carrying orbital angular momentum via photonic band gap structure

Yan Zhang, Xiaorui Wang, Yun Zhe Zhang

Abstract By employing the different topological charges of a Laguerre–Gaussian beam as a qubit, we experimentally demonstrate a controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate with light beams carrying orbital angular momentum via a photonic band gap structure in a hot atomic ensemble. Through a degenerate four-wave mixing process, the spatial distribution of the CNOT gate including splitting and spatial shift can be affected by the Kerr nonlinear effect in multilevel atomic systems. Moreover, the intensity variations of the CNOT gate can be controlled by the relative phase modulation. This research can be useful for applications in quantum information processing.

Laser Physics Letters•May 23, 2018•2 citations

Modulation of controlled-not gate using light beams carrying orbital angular momentum in a nonlinear atomic vapor

Yan Zhang, Yuanyuan Li, Yun-Zhe Zhang

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a controlled-not gate with light beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) through a degenerate four-wave mixing process via a photonic band gap structure satisfying the phase-matching condition. By employing the different topological charges of a Laguerre-Gaussian beam as a qubit in this nonlinear process, the controlled-not gate with OAM can be realized. Moreover, we investigate the evolution of the controlled-not gate, which can be modulated by the frequency and the power of the incident beam, i.e. , under electromagnetically induced transparency conditions. The study results are useful for applications in quantum communication and information storage.

Europhysics Letters (EPL)•Mar 1, 2018•3 citations

Computation of topological charges of optical vortices via nondegenerate four-wave mixing

Wei Jiang, Qun-feng Chen, Yong-Sheng Zhang +1 more

In this paper, we report an experiment, which demonstrates computation of topological charges of two optical vortices via a nondegenerate four-wave-mixing process. We show that the output signal photon carries orbital angular momentum which equals to the subtraction of the orbital angular momenta of the probe light photon and the backward pump light photon. The $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms are used as the nonlinear medium, which transfers the orbital angular momenta of lights.

arXiv:quant-ph/0603086•Physical Review A•Oct 13, 2006•57 citations

Orbital-Angular-Momentum Multiplexed Continuous-Variable Entanglement from Four-Wave Mixing in Hot Atomic Vapor

Xiaozhou Pan, Shengkai Yu, Yanfen Zhou +6 more

Multiplexing is crucial for the data-carrying capacity of information communication systems. Orbital angular momentum (OAM) with a topological charge $\ensuremath{\ell}$ ($\ensuremath{\ell}$ integer) provides a degree of freedom to realize multiplexing. In this Letter, we report an experimental implementation of OAM multiplexed continuous variables (CV) entanglement based on a four-wave mixing (FWM) process, in which 13 pairs of entangled Laguerre-Gauss (LG) modes, ${\mathrm{LG}}_{\ensuremath{\ell},\mathrm{pr}}$ and ${\mathrm{LG}}_{\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\ell},\mathrm{conj}}$, are simultaneously and deterministically generated, where $\ensuremath{\ell}$ ($\ensuremath{\ell}$ integer) is the topological charge corresponding to the OAM mode and pr (conj) indicates a probe (conjugate) beam. In the meanwhile, we experimentally show that there is no entanglement between the modes of ${\mathrm{LG}}_{\ensuremath{\ell},\mathrm{pr}}$ and ${\mathrm{LG}}_{\ensuremath{\ell},\mathrm{conj}}$ ($\ensuremath{\ell}\ensuremath{\ne}0$). These results clearly confirm the conservation of OAM in the FWM process from the viewpoint of a CV system. In addition, we investigate the entanglement properties of three types of coherent superposition of OAM modes. In the end, we also study the effect of the pump beam radius on the number of OAM multiplexing. Such OAM multiplexed CV entanglement provides a new perspective and platform to study CV quantum information protocols.

Physical Review Letters•Aug 16, 2019•126 citations

Experimental demonstration of complex four-wave mixing processes with pump of orbital-angular-momentum superposition mode

Xiaozhou Pan, Shengkai Yu, Kai Zhang +1 more

Orbital angular momentum (OAM), characterized by a topological charge ℓ (ℓ integer), serves as a promising vehicle for carrying quantum information. Generating a nonclassical field involving two or more OAM modes can largely enhance the data-carrying capacity of quantum information processing. In this Letter, we present the implementation of a four-wave mixing (FWM) process, featuring a pump beam of a coherent OAM superposition mode and a probe beam of a single OAM mode. We generate twin beams encompassing multiple OAM modes and illustrate their quantum correlation when the pump beam assumes different coherent OAM superposition modes. Furthermore, we analyze the OAM mode components in each output field to deepen our understanding of the nonlinear interaction among different OAM modes. The obtained results show the rich structure of the nonlinear interaction of OAM modes in the FWM process and provide a perspective to study quantum information protocols.

Applied Physics Letters•Apr 15, 2024•1 citation

Generation of Airy beams by four-wave mixing in Rubidium vapor cell

Dong Wei, Ya Yu, Mingtao Cao +6 more

We report on an experimental generation of Airy beams by four-wave mixing (FWM) in atomic vapor cells. This is achieved by using a non-degenerate FWM process, which occurs with two Gaussian pump beams and one Airy signal beam in hot Rubidium vapor. After satisfying the phase matching condition, a FWM field with the profile of an Airy beam can be generated. In our experiment, the diffraction-free and self-healing behaviors of the generated FWM beam are examined. The results shown that the generated FWM beam is an Airy beam. The nonlinear generation process can be extended to other configurations in the atomic medium, which will be useful for manipulation and application of Airy beams in atomic systems.

Optics Letters•Jul 28, 2014•24 citations
We present an experimental study of controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate through four-wave mixing (FWM) process in a Rubidium vapor cell. A degenerate FWM process in a two level atomic system is directly excited by a single diode laser, where backward pump beam and probe beam are Laguerre Gaussian mode. By means of photons carrying orbital angular momentum, we demonstrate the ability to realize CNOT gate with topological charges transformation in this nonlinear process. The fidelity of CNOT gate for a superposition state with different topological charge reaches about 97% in our experiment.
Abstract By employing the different topological charges of a Laguerre–Gaussian beam as a qubit, we experimentally demonstrate a controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate with light beams carrying orbital angular momentum via a photonic band gap structure in a hot atomic ensemble. Through a degenerate four-wave mixing process, the spatial distribution of the CNOT gate including splitting and spatial shift can be affected by the Kerr nonlinear effect in multilevel atomic systems. Moreover, the intensity variations of the CNOT gate can be controlled by the relative phase modulation. This research can be useful for applications in quantum information processing.
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a controlled-not gate with light beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) through a degenerate four-wave mixing process via a photonic band gap structure satisfying the phase-matching condition. By employing the different topological charges of a Laguerre-Gaussian beam as a qubit in this nonlinear process, the controlled-not gate with OAM can be realized. Moreover, we investigate the evolution of the controlled-not gate, which can be modulated by the frequency and the power of the incident beam, i.e. , under electromagnetically induced transparency conditions. The study results are useful for applications in quantum communication and information storage.
In this paper, we report an experiment, which demonstrates computation of topological charges of two optical vortices via a nondegenerate four-wave-mixing process. We show that the output signal photon carries orbital angular momentum which equals to the subtraction of the orbital angular momenta of the probe light photon and the backward pump light photon. The 85Rb^{85}\mathrm{Rb}85Rb atoms are used as the nonlinear medium, which transfers the orbital angular momenta of lights.
Multiplexing is crucial for the data-carrying capacity of information communication systems. Orbital angular momentum (OAM) with a topological charge $\ensuremath{\ell}$ ($\ensuremath{\ell}$ integer) provides a degree of freedom to realize multiplexing. In this Letter, we report an experimental implementation of OAM multiplexed continuous variables (CV) entanglement based on a four-wave mixing (FWM) process, in which 13 pairs of entangled Laguerre-Gauss (LG) modes, ${\mathrm{LG}}_{\ensuremath{\ell},\mathrm{pr}}$ and ${\mathrm{LG}}_{\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\ell},\mathrm{conj}}$, are simultaneously and deterministically generated, where $\ensuremath{\ell}$ ($\ensuremath{\ell}$ integer) is the topological charge corresponding to the OAM mode and pr (conj) indicates a probe (conjugate) beam. In the meanwhile, we experimentally show that there is no entanglement between the modes of ${\mathrm{LG}}_{\ensuremath{\ell},\mathrm{pr}}$ and ${\mathrm{LG}}_{\ensuremath{\ell},\mathrm{conj}}$ ($\ensuremath{\ell}\ensuremath{\ne}0$). These results clearly confirm the conservation of OAM in the FWM process from the viewpoint of a CV system. In addition, we investigate the entanglement properties of three types of coherent superposition of OAM modes. In the end, we also study the effect of the pump beam radius on the number of OAM multiplexing. Such OAM multiplexed CV entanglement provides a new perspective and platform to study CV quantum information protocols.
Orbital angular momentum (OAM), characterized by a topological charge ℓ (ℓ integer), serves as a promising vehicle for carrying quantum information. Generating a nonclassical field involving two or more OAM modes can largely enhance the data-carrying capacity of quantum information processing. In this Letter, we present the implementation of a four-wave mixing (FWM) process, featuring a pump beam of a coherent OAM superposition mode and a probe beam of a single OAM mode. We generate twin beams encompassing multiple OAM modes and illustrate their quantum correlation when the pump beam assumes different coherent OAM superposition modes. Furthermore, we analyze the OAM mode components in each output field to deepen our understanding of the nonlinear interaction among different OAM modes. The obtained results show the rich structure of the nonlinear interaction of OAM modes in the FWM process and provide a perspective to study quantum information protocols.
We report on an experimental generation of Airy beams by four-wave mixing (FWM) in atomic vapor cells. This is achieved by using a non-degenerate FWM process, which occurs with two Gaussian pump beams and one Airy signal beam in hot Rubidium vapor. After satisfying the phase matching condition, a FWM field with the profile of an Airy beam can be generated. In our experiment, the diffraction-free and self-healing behaviors of the generated FWM beam are examined. The results shown that the generated FWM beam is an Airy beam. The nonlinear generation process can be extended to other configurations in the atomic medium, which will be useful for manipulation and application of Airy beams in atomic systems.