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International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamaterials)

Light interaction and quantum transport in atomic chain chirally coupled to a waveguide

Danil Kornovan, A. S. Sheremet, Ivan V. Iorsh, Mihail I. Petrov

Published Aug 1, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this work we considered light interaction with two-level quantum systems chirally coupled to a single guided mode with account for a spin-locking effect. The chiral coupling allows achieving asymmetric interaction between the two-level systems, which strongly affects the light scattering of a guided mode of an optical nanofiber by one-dimensional atomic chain. We have also build an analytical model of unidirectional transport of quantum excitation and verified it with modelling of atoms coupled with surface plasmon polariton mode of a metallic nanowire. In particularly, we showed the tolerance of the unidirectionally coupled systems over the positional disorder of the two-level systems.

DOI
10.1109/metamaterials.2017.8107912

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In this work we considered light interaction with two-level quantum systems chirally coupled to a single guided mode with account for a spin-locking effect. The chiral coupling allows achieving asymmetric interaction between the two-level systems, which strongly affects the light scattering of a guided mode of an optical nanofiber by one-dimensional atomic chain. We have also build an analytical model of unidirectional transport of quantum excitation and verified it with modelling of atoms coupled with surface plasmon polariton mode of a metallic nanowire. In particularly, we showed the tolerance of the unidirectionally coupled systems over the positional disorder of the two-level systems.
In our work, we theoretically study the dynamics of a single excitation in a one-dimensional array of two-level systems, which are chirally coupled through a single mode waveguide. The chirality is achieved owing to a strong optical spin-locking effect, which in an ideal case gives perfect unidirectional excitation transport. We obtain a simple analytical solution for a single excitation dynamics in the Markovian limit, which directly shows the tolerance of the system with respect to the fluctuations of emitters position. We also show that the Dicke state, which is well known to be superradiant, has twice lower emission rate in the case of unidirectional quantum interaction. Our model is supported and verified with the numerical computations of quantum emitters coupled via surface plasmon modes in a metallic nanowire. The obtained results are based on a very general model and can be applied to any chirally coupled system that gives a new outlook on quantum transport in chiral nanophotonics.
We study the structure of the elementary excitations and their propagation in chiral hybrid structure, comprising an array of two-level systems (TLSs) coupled to a one-dimensional photonic waveguide. The chirality is achieved via spin-locking effect, which in an ideal case gives perfect unidirectional excitation transport. We show that the application of transverse magnetic field which mixes the corresponding levels in TLS results in the emergence of the slow light mode in the photonic spectrum. Finally, we demonstrate the protocols of writing the signal to the slow light mode as well as reading it out with ultrashort optical pulses, which opens new avenues for the realization of optical memory devices based on chiral optical systems.
We investigate the radiative coupling between two two-level atoms with arbitrarily polarized dipoles in the vicinity of a nanofiber. We present a systematic derivation for the master equation, the single- and cross-atom decay coefficients, and the dipole-dipole interaction coefficients for the atoms interacting with the vacuum of the field in the guided and radiation modes of the nanofiber. We study numerically the case where the atomic dipoles are circularly polarized. In this case, the rate of emission depends on the propagation direction, that is, the radiative interaction between the atoms is chiral. We examine the time evolution of the atoms for different initial states. We calculate the fluxes and mean numbers of photons spontaneously emitted into guided modes in the positive and negative directions of the fiber axis. We show that the chiral radiative coupling modifies the collective emission of the atoms. We observe that the modifications strongly depend on the initial state of the atomic system, the radiative transfer direction, the distance between the atoms, and the distance from the atoms to the fiber surface.
Abstract The chiral interaction between light and matter has brought chiral quantum optics into a flourishing stage. Here, we explore the perfect chiral interaction between the atoms with elliptically polarized dipoles and waveguide modes, and find that ideal unidirectional radiation can be obtained by adjusting the position and polarization of atoms. When there are two waveguide modes in the system, by controlling the polarization of the dipoles, the dipoles can radiate not only the unidirectional single waveguide mode, but also two seperated waveguide modes.
We study single-photon transport in a one-dimensional disordered lattice of three-level atoms coupled to an optical waveguide. In particular, we study atoms of Λ-type that are capable of exhibiting electromagnetically induced transparency and separately consider disorder in the atomic positions and transition frequencies. We mainly address the question of how preferential emission into waveguide modes (chirality) can influence the formation of spatially localized states. Our work has relevance to experimental studies of cold atoms coupled to nanoscale waveguides and has possible applications to quantum communications.
Summary form only given. Reversible light-matter interfaces are crucial elements in quantum optics and quantum information networks. In particular, the coupling of one-dimensional bosonic nanoscale waveguides and cold atoms appears as a promising pathway to build strong light-matter interaction thanks to the tight transverse confinement of light.Recently, our group has developed an interface where light, tightly guided by a subwavelength-diameter optical fiber (nanofiber), strongly interacts with atoms near its vicinity. In this case, a single atom close to the surface can absorb a non-negligible fraction of the guided light, as the effective area of the mode is comparable with the atomic cross-section. Moreover, using this configuration, it is possible to generate an in-fiber dipole trap for atoms in the vicinity of the waveguide. Using this all-fibered interface we have recently demonstrated the realization of an optical memory at the single photon level [1]. Here, we will describe the most recent result using this new interface: the observation of a large Bragg reflection off a 1D optical lattice [2]. The ability to control photon transport in 1D waveguides coupled to spin systems would allow for novel quantum network capabilities and many-body effects emerging from long-range interactions.