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arXiv:1709.04641 · Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Influence of disorder on electromagnetically induced transparency in chiral waveguide quantum electrodynamics

Imran M. Mirza, John C. Schotland

Published Apr 18, 2018• 24 citations
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Abstract

We study single-photon transport in a one-dimensional disordered lattice of three-level atoms coupled to an optical waveguide. In particular, we study atoms of Λ-type that are capable of exhibiting electromagnetically induced transparency and separately consider disorder in the atomic positions and transition frequencies. We mainly address the question of how preferential emission into waveguide modes (chirality) can influence the formation of spatially localized states. Our work has relevance to experimental studies of cold atoms coupled to nanoscale waveguides and has possible applications to quantum communications.

DOI
10.1364/josab.35.001149

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•Dec 12, 2020•1 citation
We study single-photon transport in a one-dimensional disordered lattice of three-level atoms coupled to an optical waveguide. In particular, we study atoms of Λ-type that are capable of exhibiting electromagnetically induced transparency and separately consider disorder in the atomic positions and transition frequencies. We mainly address the question of how preferential emission into waveguide modes (chirality) can influence the formation of spatially localized states. Our work has relevance to experimental studies of cold atoms coupled to nanoscale waveguides and has possible applications to quantum communications.
In recent years, photon routing has garnered considerable research activity due to its key applications in quantum networking and optical communications. This paper studies the single photon routing scheme in many-emitter disordered chiral waveguide quantum electrodynamics (wQED) ladders. The wQED ladder consists of two one-dimensional lossless waveguides simultaneously and chirally coupled with a chain of dipole-dipole interacting two-level quantum emitters (QEs). In particular, we analyze how a departure from the periodic placement of the QEs due to temperature-induced position disorder can impact the routing probability. This involves analyzing how the interplay between the collective atomic effects originating from the dipole-dipole interaction and disorder in the atomic location leading to single-photon localization can change the routing probabilities. As for some key results, we find that the routing probability exhibits a considerable improvement (more than 90%90{\% }90% value) for periodic and disordered wQED ladders when considering lattices consisting of twenty QEs. This robustness of collective effects against spontaneous emission loss and weak disorders is further confirmed by examining the routing efficiency and localization length for up to twenty QE chains. These results may find applications in quantum networking and distributed quantum computing under the realistic conditions of imperfect emitter trappings.
Abstract We investigate the single-photon transport properties in a hybrid waveguide quantum electrodynamics system, in which a one-dimensional waveguide is simultaneously coupled to a cavity and a driven Λ-type three-level atom. The cavity and the atom are also coupled to each other. We show that when the waveguide is coupled to the cavity and the atom at the same point, double electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) can be observed from the system. The physical mechanism of the double EIT effect has been given by setting up the eigenstate structure for the whole system. When the waveguide is coupled to the cavity and the atom at different points, we demonstrate that the single-photon transmission spectra can be effectively controlled by adjusting the relative separation between the cavity and the atom. Moreover, this non-zero relative separation can lead to the occurrence of the controllable nonreciprocal scattering effect. These results have potential applications in realization of photonic coherent control.
We theoretically investigate the quantum scattering of a weak coherent input field interacting with an ensemble of $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$-type three-level atoms coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide. With an effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian, we study the collective interaction between the atoms mediated by the waveguide mode. In our scheme, the atoms are randomly placed in the lattice along the axis of the one-dimensional waveguide. Many interesting optical properties occur in our waveguide-atom system, such as electromagnetically induced transparency. We quantify the influence of decoherence originating from both dephasing and population relaxation, and analyze the effect of the inhomogeneous broadening on the transport properties of the incident field. Moreover, we observe that strong photon-photon correlation with quantum beats can be generated in the off-resonant case, which provides an effective method for producing nonclassical light in experiment. With remarkable progress in waveguide-emitter systems, our scheme may be experimentally feasible in the near future.
In this paper we studied a one-dimensional array of quantum emitters asymmetrically coupled due to chiral interaction through a waveguiding mode. We have showed that disorder and coupling asymmetry compete with each other in forming and destroying Anderson localized states. We found that for wide range of the disorder strength there exists certain asymmetry parameter, which destroys the localization of the states. We have also numerically obtained the dependence of the critical asymmetry strength on the amplitude of the disorder. We believe that our findings are important for rapidly developing field of waveguide quantum electrodynamics, where the chiral interactions and disorder play a critical role.