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Scientific Reports

Temperature dependence of the single photon emission from interface-fluctuation GaN quantum dots

Florian Le Roux, Kang Gao, Mark Holmes, Satoshi Kako, Munetaka Arita, Yasuhiko Arakawa

Published Nov 17, 2017• 16 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The temperature dependent single photon emission statistics of interface-fluctuation GaN quantum dots are reported. Quantum light emission is confirmed at temperatures up to ~77 K, by which point the background emission degrades the emission purity and results in a measured g(2) (0) in excess of 0.5. A discussion on the extent of the background contamination is also given through comparison to extensive data taken under various ambient and experimental conditions, revealing that the quantum dots themselves are emitting single photons with high purity.

DOI
10.1038/s41598-017-16040-x

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Abstract The temperature dependent single photon emission statistics of interface-fluctuation GaN quantum dots are reported. Quantum light emission is confirmed at temperatures up to ~77 K, by which point the background emission degrades the emission purity and results in a measured g(2) (0) in excess of 0.5. A discussion on the extent of the background contamination is also given through comparison to extensive data taken under various ambient and experimental conditions, revealing that the quantum dots themselves are emitting single photons with high purity.
Single-photon emitters with high degrees of purity are required for photonic-based quantum technologies. InGaN/GaN quantum dots are promising candidates for the development of single-photon emitters but have typically exhibited emission with insufficient purity. Here, pulsed single-photon emission with high purity is measured from an InGaN quantum dot. A raw g(2)(0) value of 0.043 ± 0.009 with no corrections whatsoever is achieved under quasi-resonant pulsed excitation. Such a low value is, in principle, sufficient for use in quantum key distribution systems.
Abstract The realization of high-quality quantum emitters that can operate at room temperature is important for accelerating the application of quantum technologies, such as quantum communication, quantum information processing, and quantum metrology. In this work, we study the photon-antibunching properties on room-temperature emission from individual colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) using superconducting-nanowire single-photon detectors and temporal filtering of the photoluminescence decay curve. We find that high single-photon purities and high photon-generation rates can be simultaneously achieved by removing the signals originating from the sequential two-photon emission of biexcitons created by multiple excitation pulses. We successfully demonstrate that the ultrahigh performance of the room-temperature single-photon sources showing g(2)(0) ≪ 10−2 can be confirmed by the ultralow-dark-count detection of the temporally purified single photons. These findings provide strong evidence for the attractiveness of CQDs as candidates for high-quality room-temperature quantum light sources.
We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of two-photon emission from the biexciton cascade in single GaN quantum dots. By changing the biexciton binding energy, pump power, and temperature, the balance between the one- and two-photon decay processes is controlled in this four-level system, which drastically affects the photon statistics of the resulting emission. As the most pronounced feature of this interplay we observe a bunching phenomenon and a transition from sub- to super-Poissonian photon statistics, originating from the complex nature of the biexciton cascade. This work highlights how photon statistics can be steered between one- and two-photon processes towards an increased, bunched two-photon emission probability up to 50 K with the perspective for efficient photon pair generation in the UV spectral range.
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