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Joint Conference of the European Frequency and Time Forum and IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (EFTF/IFCS)

High-sensitivity cold-atom gyroscope with real-time vibration compensation

Denis Savoie, Matteo Altorio, Bess Fang, Rémi Geiger, Arnaud Landragin

Published Jul 1, 2017• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Our cold-atom gyroscope is based on a four-pulse configuration with a very large Sagnac area. Its short-term stability is limited by aliasing effects of the inertial forces (acceleration and rotation). We will show how continuous measurements and real-time compensation of the vibration during the interferometer sequence overcome this limit.

DOI
10.1109/fcs.2017.8089037

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Our cold-atom gyroscope is based on a four-pulse configuration with a very large Sagnac area. Its short-term stability is limited by aliasing effects of the inertial forces (acceleration and rotation). We will show how continuous measurements and real-time compensation of the vibration during the interferometer sequence overcome this limit.
We present a precision atom interferometry gyroscope with a Sagnac area of 6.0 cm 2 . To drive the cold atom interferometry gyroscope, we utilize two sets of Raman beams with a pulse sequence of π /2- π - π - π /2. We present a procedure for aligning the two sets of Raman beams at the microradian level by making use of the atom interferometer itself in different configurations. Additionally, we measured the atomic cloud trajectory and implemented a spatial symmetry alignment for the atom interferometer. With these improvements, we construct a sensitive atom gyroscope with a stability of 1 nrad/s at an integration time of 10000 s. We analyzed the influence of Raman beams and the limitations of the system, and present the technical limits to the sensitivity and long-term stability. Finally, we point out the primary sources of noise in the atom interferometry gyroscope, clearing the way for the construction of further large-area atom gyroscopes.
We present the full evaluation of a cold-atom gyroscope based on atom interferometry. We have performed extensive studies to determine the systematic errors, scale factor and sensitivity. We demonstrate that the acceleration noise can be efficiently removed from the rotation signal, allowing us to reach the fundamental limit of the quantum projection noise for short term measurements. The technical limits to the long term sensitivity and accuracy have been identified, clearing the way for the next generation of ultrasensitive atom gyroscopes.
We report the first operation of a cold atom inertial sensor without dead time. Dead times in conventional cold atom interferometers originate from the preparation of a cold atom source prior to its injection in the interferometer and where information on inertial signals is lost. We use a sequence where we simultaneously prepare a cold atom source and operate a light pulse atom interferometer to circumvent the dead time limitation. Therefore the sensor continuously captures all the dynamics with respect to an inertial frame. We show that the continuous operation does not degrade the sensitivity and stability of the atom interferometer, by demonstrating a rotation sensitivity level of less than 1 nrad/s after 10 000 s of integration time. Such a sensitivity level improves previous results by more than an order of magnitude and opens applications of cold atom gyroscopes in inertial navigation and geophysics.
We report the operation of a cold-atom inertial sensor which continuously captures the rotation signal. Using a joint interrogation scheme, where we simultaneously prepare a cold-atom source and operate an atom interferometer (AI), enables us to eliminate the dead times. We show that such continuous operation improves the short-term sensitivity of AIs, and demonstrate a rotation sensitivity of 100 nrad/sec/sqrt[Hz] in a cold-atom gyroscope of 11 cm^{2} Sagnac area. We also demonstrate a rotation stability of 1 nrad/sec at 10^{4} sec of integration time, which represents the state of the art for atomic gyroscopes. The continuous operation of cold-atom inertial sensors will lead to large area AIs at their full sensitivity potential, determined by the quantum noise limit.