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arXiv:0907.2580 · Physical Review A

Characterization and limits of a cold-atom Sagnac interferometer

A. Gauguet, B. Canuel, Thomas Lévèque, Walid Chaibi, Arnaud Landragin

Published Dec 1, 2009• 201 citations
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Abstract

We present the full evaluation of a cold-atom gyroscope based on atom interferometry. We have performed extensive studies to determine the systematic errors, scale factor and sensitivity. We demonstrate that the acceleration noise can be efficiently removed from the rotation signal, allowing us to reach the fundamental limit of the quantum projection noise for short term measurements. The technical limits to the long term sensitivity and accuracy have been identified, clearing the way for the next generation of ultrasensitive atom gyroscopes.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.80.063604

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We present the full evaluation of a cold-atom gyroscope based on atom interferometry. We have performed extensive studies to determine the systematic errors, scale factor and sensitivity. We demonstrate that the acceleration noise can be efficiently removed from the rotation signal, allowing us to reach the fundamental limit of the quantum projection noise for short term measurements. The technical limits to the long term sensitivity and accuracy have been identified, clearing the way for the next generation of ultrasensitive atom gyroscopes.
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Summary form only given. Matter wave interferometers have become very promising tools in fundamental physics and metrology. The sensitivities obtained with such atomic quantum sensors compete with classical state-of-the-art devices for acceleration and rotation measurements. Currently, we are setting up a new cold atom Sagnac interferometer (CASI) to realize high precision measurements of rotations with a compact and flexible setup. Using cold atoms the experiment aims to achieve sensitivities down to 2/spl times/10/sup -9/ rad/s/Hz for a compact interferometer as short as 15 cm. Rotations and accelerations will be discriminated by synchronous operation of two counterpropagating ensembles of ultra-cold atoms. We will give an overview about the concept and the parameters of our future interferometer. The results of the characterization of our 2D-MOT, which serves as a brilliant source for our cold atom interferometer, will be presented. The compact design of the sensor will be transportable. Thus, it will permit the comparison with other gyroscopes. CASI will be a first step towards a cold atom space experiment of the second generation.
Point source atom interferometry, employing optical Raman pulses and a cold atom source, enables measurements of rotation and acceleration in a compact experimental package. This system is uniquely sensitive to rotations in the plane perpendicular to the Raman beamline. Here we discuss our experiment’s sensitivity, stability, systematic errors, and other performance-limiting factors both fundamentaland technical. Our current measurements for the sensitivity to the magnitude and direction of the rotation vector are 0.6 mrad/s and 5 mrad, respectively.
We propose to develop a new generation of compact high sensitivity gyroscopes using guided matter-waves on atom chips, able to fulfill the requirements of metrological applications. They will be designed to overcome the main limitations of free falling atoms interferometers: interrogation time and quantum projection noise. A cloud of cold 87Rb atoms will be coherently split and constrained to propagate along a circular guide of a few millimeters radius. At the output of the guide an interference signal sensitive to rotation via the Sagnac effect will be measured.