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Observing the temperature dependence of the atom-surface interaction in the van der Waals Casimir-Polder regime

Athanasios Laliotis, Thierry Passerat de Silans, Marie-Pascale Gorza, Isabelle Maurin, Philippe Ballin, M. Ducloy, Daniel Bloch

Published May 29, 2011• 0 citations
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arXiv:physics/0703131•Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Mar 2, 2007•9 citations
The distance dependence of the anisotropic atom-wall interaction is studied. The central result is the 1/z61/{z}^{6}1/z6 quadrupolar anisotropy decay in the retarded Casimir-Polder regime. Analysis of the transition region between nonretarded van der Waals regime (in 1/z31/{z}^{3}1/z3) and Casimir-Polder regime shows that the anisotropy crossover occurs at very short distances from the surface, on the order of $0.03\ensuremath{\lambda}$, where $\ensuremath{\lambda}$ is the atom characteristic wavelength. Possible experimental verifications of this distance dependence using surface-induced inelastic transitions are discussed.
The Casimir-Polder (C-P) interaction between an atom and a surface, described as early as 1948, but observed much later on, is now a topic of broad interest, as connected to fundamental problems of quantum fluctuations, with the atomic energy levels renormalized by the wall-dependent vacuum fluctuations. Dependence of the C-P interaction with the equilibrium temperature is predicted, but had not been observed until now. However, more pronounced effects were predicted in an out-of-equilibrium situation, and were remarkably observed on a Rb BEC, at 6-10 μm from the wall, with the vacuum temperature (~ 300K) strongly differing from the surface temperature (~ 1000 K).