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Lecture notes in physics

Modern Experiments on Atom-Surface Casimir Physics

Maarten DeKieviet, Ulrich D. Jentschura, Grzegorz Łach

Published Jan 1, 2011• 6 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/978-3-642-20288-9_12

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Abstract Modern laboratory techniques make possible the investigation of the role of the Casimir–Polder force in experiments on Bose–Einstein condensation and quantum reflection. Thus, it has been demonstrated that the collective oscillations of a Bose–Einstein condensate of ultracold atoms provide a sensitive probe of Casimir–Polder forces. Later, the first measurement of the temperature dependence of the Casimir–Polder force was performed in this way. The Casimir–Polder interaction plays an important role in the scattering of atoms on various surfaces. Of special interest are situations where the wave nature of an atom dominates in comparison with its classical behavior as a particle (this is referred to as quantum reflection). This chapter considers both of the latter two types of experiments in connection with the properties of the Casimir–Polder force.
Since the 1950's, atom-surface interactions, also called Casimir-Polder interactions, have been studied through numerous theoretical works. Many experiments have been proposed and performed to measure the atom-surface interactions. However, the experiments did not allow to measure the atom-surface interactions potential with a better accuracy than 10%.In this thesis, we present a cold atom experiment dedicated to the study of Casimir-Polder interactions. The experiment is based on the diffraction of metastable argon atoms by a transmission material nanograting. Regarding the propagation velocities of the atoms, we have developed a simulation based on the numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. This simulation allows us to study the diffraction of a wave packet by a material slit, while considering both the atom-surface interactions and the absorption of the wave function at the surfaces. The results of the simulation are compared with the experimental data using statistical tools to test the model in order to make an accurate measurement.