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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Analog simulations of quantum impurity physics with a high-impedance Josephson transmission line

Roman Kuzmin, Nicholas Grabon, Yen‐Hsiang Lin, Long B. Nguyen, Nitish Mehta, Vladimir Manucharyan

Published Mar 15, 2017• 0 citations
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Recently developed Josephson junction array transmission lines implement strong-coupling circuit electrodynamics compatible with a range of superconducting quantum devices. They provide both the high impedance which allows for strong quantum fluctuations, and photon modes with which to probe a quantum device, such as a small Josephson junction. In this high-impedance environment, current through the junction is accompanied by charge Bloch oscillations analogous to those in crystalline systems. However, the interplay between Bloch oscillations and environmental photon resonances remains largely unexplored. Here we describe the Bloch oscillations in a transmon-type qubit attached to high-impedance transmission lines with discrete photon spectra. Transmons are characterized by well-separated charge bands, favoring Bloch oscillations over Landau-Zener tunneling. We find resonances in the voltage-current relation and the spectrum of photons emitted by the Bloch oscillations. The transmon also scatters photons inelastically; we find the cross section for an anti-Stokes-like process whereby photons gain a Bloch oscillation quantum. Our results outline how Bloch oscillations leave fingerprints for experiments across the DC, MHz, and GHz ranges.
We have designed ring oscillators to test rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) circuits with passive transmission lines at high frequencies. To reduce the width of the transmission line, design methods for increasing the characteristic impedance of the transmission line have been investigated and then we designed a 5-stage of Josephson transmission line (JTL) receiver which can transform the impedance from 1 to 4 /spl Omega/ by changing the critical current and the inductance. The receiver, driver, and micro-strip line were inserted in a ring oscillator. The ring oscillator fabricated with the Nb/AlOx/Nb junction process was successfully operated at frequencies ranging from 6 to 10 GHz for line lengths of 0.6, 3, 6, and 9 mm. The usefulness of the impedance transformation was then confirmed experimentally. A propagation delay per unit length of 8.4 ps/mm was also obtained.
We study spontaneous photon decay into multiple photons triggered by strong nonlinearities in an experimental simulator of a bosonic quantum impurity model. Previously, spectroscopic signatures of photon conversion were reported and evidenced as resonances in the many-body spectrum of these systems. Here, we report on the observation of multimode fluorescence of a small Josephson junction embedded in a high impedance superconducting transmission line. Measurement of the down-converted photons is achieved using state-of-the-art broadband parametric amplifiers. Photon triplet emission is explicitly demonstrated at a given frequency as the counterpart of inelastic photon decay at 3× the emission frequency. These results open exciting prospects for the burgeoning field of many-body quantum optics and offer a direct signature of the ultrastrong light-matter coupling.