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Journal of Lightwave Technology

Optical Predistortion Enabling Phase Preservation in Optical Signal Processing Demonstrated in FWM-Based Amplitude Limiter

Kyle R. H. Bottrill, Francesca R. Parmigiani, David John Richardson, Periklis Petropoulos

Published Aug 30, 2016• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose and demonstrate a technique to obtain phase preservation in optical processing which is suitable for many four-wave mixing (FWM)-based processing devices, provided they may be modified to incorporate two conjugating FWM stages. It functions by using a first conjugating nonlinear stage to predistort the signal using self-phase modulation (SPM) such that when the signal undergoes further SPM in a second conjugating FWM stage, the two SPM contributions negate each other, resulting in phase preserving output. In this paper, we use the second stage to perform amplitude squeezing through parametric gain saturation and characterize the scheme by regenerating a QPSK signal contaminated with broadband amplitude noise. Experimental analysis of the system with and without predistortion is provided and phase preserving operation using the proposed scheme is confirmed.

DOI
10.1109/jlt.2016.2604493

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We propose and demonstrate a technique to obtain phase preservation in optical processing which is suitable for many four-wave mixing (FWM)-based processing devices, provided they may be modified to incorporate two conjugating FWM stages. It functions by using a first conjugating nonlinear stage to predistort the signal using self-phase modulation (SPM) such that when the signal undergoes further SPM in a second conjugating FWM stage, the two SPM contributions negate each other, resulting in phase preserving output. In this paper, we use the second stage to perform amplitude squeezing through parametric gain saturation and characterize the scheme by regenerating a QPSK signal contaminated with broadband amplitude noise. Experimental analysis of the system with and without predistortion is provided and phase preserving operation using the proposed scheme is confirmed.
Adopting an exact solution to four-wave mixing (FWM), wherein harmonic evolution is described by the sum of two Bessel functions, we identify two causes of amplitude to phase noise conversion which impair FWM saturation based amplitude regenerators: self-phase modulation (SPM) and Bessel-order mixing (BOM). By increasing the pump to signal power ratio, we may arbitrarily reduce their impact, realising a phase preserving amplitude regenerator. We demonstrate the technique by applying it to the regeneration of a 10 GBaud QPSK signal, achieving a high level of amplitude squeezing with minimal amplitude to phase noise conversion.
In this paper, we propose and demonstrate simultaneous phase regeneration of four different channels of QPSK signal based on phase sensitive amplification. The configuration can be divided into two parts. The first one uses four wave mixing in high nonlinear fiber (HNLF) to generate the corresponding three harmonic conjugates precisely at the frequency of the original signals. The other one uses optical combiner to realize coherent addition which is aimed at completely removing the interaction in phase regeneration stage. The simulation results suggest that this scheme can optimize signal constellation to a large extend especially in high noise environment. Besides, optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) can improve more than 3 dB while the bit-error-rate (BER) reaches 10 –3 with a constant white noise and 15° phase noise.
A newly proposed concept, which is called hybrid optical phase squeezer (HOPS), achieves multi-level optical phase quantization through coherent addition of two (dual-wave scheme) or three (triple-wave scheme) optical waves exploiting optical parametric processes and electro-optic modulation. The triple-wave scheme enables signal phase regeneration free from phase-to-amplitude noise transfer, which is inevitable in the dual-wave scheme. By using HOPS in the dual-wave scheme, 3-fold phase-noise reduction was achieved for 24-Gb/s QPSK signals with a slight increase of amplitude noise. On the other hand, HOPS in the triple-wave scheme allowed phase regeneration of 12-Gb/s BPSK signal with a suppression of phase-to-amplitude noise transfer.
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a phase-sensitive optical processor, capable of generating two codirectional and π-phase-shifted phase-sensitive amplifiers (PSAs) in a single device. Phase-sensitive operation is obtained by polarization mixing a phase-locked signal/idler pair generated in a degenerate dual-pump vector parametric amplifier based on four-wave mixing in a highly nonlinear fiber. We refer to this configuration as a polarization assisted PSA and demonstrate some of the applications that it may find. First, we experimentally demonstrate the regeneration of a binary phase shift keying signal in a system that requires only a very low nonlinear phase shift of 0.35 rad. Second, we decompose a quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) signal into its in-phase and quadrature components. While application to a QPSK signal is shown in our demonstration, we demonstrate numerically that any complex modulation format signal can be decomposed using this approach. Finally, we use our processor to regenerate QPSK signals in a single nonlinear device.