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USB-Flash-Ausg.:#R#<br/>Information technology and electrical engineering - devices and systems, materials and technologies for the future : 54. IWK, Internationales Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium ; proceedings ; 07 - 10 September 2009 / Faculty of Electrical and Information Technology, Technische Universität Ilmenau. - Ilmenau : Verl. ISLE, 2009. - ISBN 978-3-938843-45-1

Design, fabrication, and tests of RSFQ circuits based on the fluxonics foundry

Jürgen Kunert, Ludwig Fritzsch, Hans‐Georg Meyer, Thomas Ortlepp, Olaf Mielke, Pascal Febvre

Published Jan 1, 2009• 1 citation
OpenAlex

Abstract

The paper provides an overview of the design and fabrication process of Rapid Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) circuits [1] and a demonstration of the established integrated framework of the FLUXONICS Foundry [2].Test circuits demonstrate the integration of functional elements into more complex devices.The circuits were extensively tested, including an on-chip 30 GHz test using a ladder-type clock generator, as well as by bit error rate measurements.The results presented here show the potentials and the reliability of the European FLUXONICS Foundry for the design and fabrication of robust RSFQ circuits for end-users in research and industry.

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The article describes the activities aimed at bringing superconductive high-speed electronics towards maturity.Integrated circuits based on the effects in superconducting materials have become feasible for some years already.The main focus lies on the so-called Rapid Single-Flux-Quantum (RSFQ) electronics which allows the combination of high operation frequencies (well above 20 GHz) with very low energy consumption when logical states are changed.Thus, this circuit technology exhibits a promising potential for realising energy-efficient modules for signal processing and computing.Recently, a dedicated design infrastructure has been developed in Europe.Closely associated is a foundry for digital RSFQ integrated circuits so that the fabrication of integrated circuits is viable.In the contribution, the basic features of the RSFQ circuit design are addressed with special emphasis on implementation on the wafer scale.

USB-Flash-Ausg.:#R#<br/>Information technology and electrical engineering - devices and systems, materials and technologies for the future : 54. IWK, Internationales Wissenschaftliches Kolloquium ; proceedings ; 07 - 10 September 2009 / Faculty of Electrical and Information Technology, Technische Universität Ilmenau. - Ilmenau : Verl. ISLE, 2009. - ISBN 978-3-938843-45-1•Nov 25, 2009•0 citations

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Superconductive Rapid Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) logic and memory, in which ones and zeros are represented by the presence or absence within a timing window of quantized picosecond voltage pulse (/spl int/v(t)dt=h/2e=2.07 mV/spl middot/ps), corresponding to one SFQ, can be integrated into a digital computing system with an operating rate of several tens of GHz, based on the present Nb Josephson junction integrated circuit technology. It is the most promising technology beyond semiconductor transistors for low-power high-end computation. However, as the operating speed of circuits and systems increase, timing uncertainty from fabrication process variations makes global synchronization very hard. In this paper, we present a globally asynchronous, locally synchronous timing methodology for RSFQ digital design, which can solve the global synchronization problem. We also demonstrate the recent experimental results of some asynchronous circuits and systems implemented in RSFQ technology. Several key components such as a self-timed shift register, a self-timed demultiplexor, a Muller-C element, a completion detector, and a clock generator have been designed and tested. High speed operation has been confirmed up to 20 Gb/s for a prototype data buffer system, which consists two self-timed shift registers and an on-chip 5-38 GHz clock generator.

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Design and testing of rapid single flux quantum shift registers with magnetically coupled readout gates

Perng-Fei Yuh, Oleg A. Mukhanov

Experimental superconducting shift registers consisting of on-chip clock generators, clock regeneration and distribution circuits, shift register elements, and readout circuits are designed using rapid single flux quantum logic/memory (RSFQ) gates. A 7-b shift register has been tested to 12 GHz and a 17-b to 21 GHz using external triggering clocks with relative delay measurements. Testing with internal clocks generated from Josephson oscillations shows a potential high-speed operation of 45 GHz for the 7-b and 30 GHz for the 17-b shift registers. Two types of magnetically coupled readout gates are discussed. The chips are fabricated using a Nb/AlO/sub /x/Nb Josephson-junction process at a critical-current density of 1000 A/cm/sup 2/. The power dissipation per bit is 3 mu W.>

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity•Jan 1, 1992•21 citations
The paper provides an overview of the design and fabrication process of Rapid Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) circuits [1] and a demonstration of the established integrated framework of the FLUXONICS Foundry [2].Test circuits demonstrate the integration of functional elements into more complex devices.The circuits were extensively tested, including an on-chip 30 GHz test using a ladder-type clock generator, as well as by bit error rate measurements.The results presented here show the potentials and the reliability of the European FLUXONICS Foundry for the design and fabrication of robust RSFQ circuits for end-users in research and industry.
The article describes the activities aimed at bringing superconductive high-speed electronics towards maturity.Integrated circuits based on the effects in superconducting materials have become feasible for some years already.The main focus lies on the so-called Rapid Single-Flux-Quantum (RSFQ) electronics which allows the combination of high operation frequencies (well above 20 GHz) with very low energy consumption when logical states are changed.Thus, this circuit technology exhibits a promising potential for realising energy-efficient modules for signal processing and computing.Recently, a dedicated design infrastructure has been developed in Europe.Closely associated is a foundry for digital RSFQ integrated circuits so that the fabrication of integrated circuits is viable.In the contribution, the basic features of the RSFQ circuit design are addressed with special emphasis on implementation on the wafer scale.
Superconducting Rapid Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) circuits have the ability to perform digital operation with clock signals in the microwave frequency range. The clock signal can be either generated on-chip via Josephson oscillators, or injected externally through microwave lines. We have investigated several configurations to digitize and process on-chip microwave signals for space-based applications, based on the European FLUXONICS Foundry with a niobium-based technology that can opearate at clock frequencies in the 30-40 GHz range. This presentation will focus on the main features of the technology, the expected performances for specific applications and the current status of experimental results of several circuits measured at 4K. It will also feature prospects and expectations, based on circuits already designed and in preparation.
A new generation of the Josephson digital circuits-rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) devices-based on overdamped externally shunted high quality Nb-AlO x -Nb tunnel junctions have been designed, fabricated and experimentally investigated. All-refractory material 11-layer 5 mu m integrated technology has been successfully employed for the preparation of the RSFQ microcircuits. The T flip-flop has been demonstrated to operate properly up to clock frequencies of 100 GHz at 25% margins. The proper operation of the buffer stage for a one-directional SFQ pulse transmission at clock frequencies up to 125 GHz has been achieved. The possibilities to convert the information from the usual DC form to SFQ and vice versa have been demonstrated. An output signal in an SFQ/DC converter as high as 220 mu V has been measured. A new counter type A/D converter which includes a comparator and reversible binary counter with DC outputs has been fabricated and tested. The proposed ADC seems to be very promising for high-accuracy measurement of medium-bandwidth signals. The possibilities of creating a number of SFQ devices with outstanding parameters are discussed.
Experimental superconducting shift registers con- sisting of on-chip clock generators, clock regeneration and dis- tribution circuits, shift register elements, and readout circuits are designed using rapid single flux quantum logic / memory (RSFQ) gates. A 7-b shift register has been tested to 12 GHz and a 17-b to 21 GHz using external triggering clocks with relative delay measurements. Testing with internal clocks generated from Josephson oscillations shows a potential high-speed opera- tion of 45 GHz for the 7-b and 30 GHz for the 17-b shift registers. Two types of magnetically coupled readout gates are discussed. The chips are fabricated using a Nb/AIO,/Nb Josephson-junction process at a critical-current density of 1000 A / cm2. The power dissipation per bit is 3 p.W.
Superconductive Rapid Single Flux Quantum (RSFQ) logic and memory, in which ones and zeros are represented by the presence or absence within a timing window of quantized picosecond voltage pulse (/spl int/v(t)dt=h/2e=2.07 mV/spl middot/ps), corresponding to one SFQ, can be integrated into a digital computing system with an operating rate of several tens of GHz, based on the present Nb Josephson junction integrated circuit technology. It is the most promising technology beyond semiconductor transistors for low-power high-end computation. However, as the operating speed of circuits and systems increase, timing uncertainty from fabrication process variations makes global synchronization very hard. In this paper, we present a globally asynchronous, locally synchronous timing methodology for RSFQ digital design, which can solve the global synchronization problem. We also demonstrate the recent experimental results of some asynchronous circuits and systems implemented in RSFQ technology. Several key components such as a self-timed shift register, a self-timed demultiplexor, a Muller-C element, a completion detector, and a clock generator have been designed and tested. High speed operation has been confirmed up to 20 Gb/s for a prototype data buffer system, which consists two self-timed shift registers and an on-chip 5-38 GHz clock generator.
Experimental superconducting shift registers consisting of on-chip clock generators, clock regeneration and distribution circuits, shift register elements, and readout circuits are designed using rapid single flux quantum logic/memory (RSFQ) gates. A 7-b shift register has been tested to 12 GHz and a 17-b to 21 GHz using external triggering clocks with relative delay measurements. Testing with internal clocks generated from Josephson oscillations shows a potential high-speed operation of 45 GHz for the 7-b and 30 GHz for the 17-b shift registers. Two types of magnetically coupled readout gates are discussed. The chips are fabricated using a Nb/AlO/sub /x/Nb Josephson-junction process at a critical-current density of 1000 A/cm/sup 2/. The power dissipation per bit is 3 mu W.>