Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

Forbidden 2P–nP and 2P–nF transitions in the energy spectrum of ultracold Rydberg lithium-7 atoms

Boris B. Zelener, Sergey A. Saakyan, Vladimir A. Sautenkov, �. A. Manykin, B. V. Zelener, Vladimir Evgenievich Fortov

Published Apr 1, 2016• 7 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Forbidden 2 P – nP and 2 P – nF transitions in the ranges of the principal quantum number n = 42–114 and n = 38–48 have been detected in the optical spectra of ultracold highly excited lithium-7 atoms. The presence of forbidden transitions is due to induced external electric fields. The quantum defects and ionization energy obtained in various experiments and predicted theoretically have been discussed.

DOI
10.1134/s1063776116040099

Related papers

Laser diagnostics of the energy spectrum of Rydberg states of the lithium-7 atom

Boris B. Zelener, Sergey A. Saakyan, Vladimir A. Sautenkov +3 more

The spectra of excited lithium-7 atoms prepared in a magneto-optical trap are studied using a UV laser. The laser diagnostics of the energy of Rydberg atoms is developed based on measurements of the change in resonance fluorescence intensity of ultracold atoms as the exciting UV radiation frequency passes through the Rydberg transition frequency. The energies of various nS configurations are obtained in a broad range of the principal quantum number n from 38 to 165. The values of the quantum defect and ionization energy obtained in experiments and predicted theoretically are discussed.

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics•Dec 1, 2015•14 citations

Observation of electric quadrupole transitions to Rydberg nd states of ultracold rubidium atoms

D. Tong, S. M. Farooqi, E. G. M. van Kempen +5 more

We report the observation of dipole-forbidden, but quadrupole-allowed, one-photon transitions to high-Rydberg states in Rb. Using pulsed uv excitation of ultracold atoms in a magneto-optical trap, we excite $5s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}nd$ transitions over a range of principal quantum numbers $n=27--59$. Compared to dipole-allowed (E1) transitions from $5s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}np$, these E2 transitions are weaker by a factor of approximately 2000. We also report measurements of the anomalous $n{p}_{3/2}:n{p}_{1/2}$ fine-structure transition strength ratio for $n=28--75$. Both results are in agreement with theoretical predictions.

arXiv:0809.2341•Physical Review A•May 15, 2009•37 citations

Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Spectra of 6Li Rydberg Atoms

Meimei Wu, Xin Bao, Shuxian Yu +4 more

Rydberg atoms possess highly excited valence electrons that are far away from atomic cations. Compared with ground states, Rydberg states are excited states with a high principal quantum number n that exhibit large electric dipole moments and have a variety of applications in quantum information processing. In this communication, we report the measurement of the 6Li Rydberg excitation spectrum by ladder-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a vapor cell. The 2p→ns/nd EIT spectra were recorded by sweeping the frequency of an ultraviolet Rydberg pumping laser while keeping the probing laser resonant to the 2s→2p transition. All lasers were locked on an ultrastable optical Fabry-Pérot cavity and measured by an optical frequency comb. Our results provide valuable information to precisely determine quantum defects and enable novel experiments with Rydberg-dressed ultracold Fermi gases.

Photonics•Dec 12, 2023•2 citations

Two-photon excitation of ultracold atoms to Rydberg states

Sergey A. Saakyan, Vladimir A. Sautenkov, E V Vilshanskaya +2 more

In this work, we discuss two-photon excitation and diagnostic of ultracold Rydberg atoms in a magneto-optical trap. Lithium atoms were excited by using ultraviolet cw laser. For identification of Rydberg transitions, we recorded resonance fluorescence of ultracold atoms. Spectra of transitions 2P- n S, 2p- n D were measured. Our results are in good agreement with calculations and experimental data available in literature. Presented work is a part of our project focused on preparation and study of Rydberg matter and ultracold plasma.

Journal of Physics Conference Series•Nov 11, 2015•2 citations

Two-photon coherent spectroscopy of ultracold Li atoms

Andrey A. Bobrov, E V Vilshanskaya, Boris B. Zelener +2 more

Our work is devoted to theoretical study of the two-photon coherent spectroscopy of 7 Li atoms continuously cooled in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) on the 2S–2P transition. The ultracold atoms are transferred to highly excited Rydberg states in a two-step coherent excitation process by red and UV lasers. The red laser is detuned by -600 MHz from 2S–2P transition frequency and UV laser frequency detuning is scanned in the vicinity of +600 MHz from 2P-nS(D) transition where n∼40-100 is principal quantum number. The fluorescence signal on the 2P–2S cooling transition makes it possible to obtain a two-photon absorption spectrum. Atom-field interaction is considered in the simple three-level approximation involving a density matrix formalism. It is shown that the effect of the MOT beams on the shape of the two-photon absorption line can be taken into account by an appropriate change in the 2S–nS(D) coherence decay rate.

Journal of Physics Conference Series•Jan 1, 2018•0 citations

Measurements of quantum defect in RydbergD-states for lithium atoms

D A Murashkin, Sergey A. Saakyan, Vladimir A. Sautenkov +1 more

We have developed an effective spectroscopic method for measure the energy spectra of highly excited ultracold atoms using the registration of resonance fluorescence of atoms in magneto-optical trap during two-step cw excitation of Rydberg states by uv laser. Using this method it was obtained the value of the quantum defect was determined for Rydberg states nD of lithium-7 atoms δ = 0.00192(17).

Journal of Physics Conference Series•Nov 1, 2016•1 citation
Forbidden 2 P – nP and 2 P – nF transitions in the ranges of the principal quantum number n = 42–114 and n = 38–48 have been detected in the optical spectra of ultracold highly excited lithium-7 atoms. The presence of forbidden transitions is due to induced external electric fields. The quantum defects and ionization energy obtained in various experiments and predicted theoretically have been discussed.
The spectra of excited lithium-7 atoms prepared in a magneto-optical trap are studied using a UV laser. The laser diagnostics of the energy of Rydberg atoms is developed based on measurements of the change in resonance fluorescence intensity of ultracold atoms as the exciting UV radiation frequency passes through the Rydberg transition frequency. The energies of various nS configurations are obtained in a broad range of the principal quantum number n from 38 to 165. The values of the quantum defect and ionization energy obtained in experiments and predicted theoretically are discussed.
We report the observation of dipole-forbidden, but quadrupole-allowed, one-photon transitions to high-Rydberg states in Rb. Using pulsed uv excitation of ultracold atoms in a magneto-optical trap, we excite $5s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}nd$ transitions over a range of principal quantum numbers n=27−−59n=27--59n=27−−59. Compared to dipole-allowed (E1) transitions from $5s\ensuremath{\rightarrow}np$, these E2 transitions are weaker by a factor of approximately 2000. We also report measurements of the anomalous np3/2:np1/2n{p}_{3/2}:n{p}_{1/2}np3/2​:np1/2​ fine-structure transition strength ratio for n=28−−75n=28--75n=28−−75. Both results are in agreement with theoretical predictions.
Rydberg atoms possess highly excited valence electrons that are far away from atomic cations. Compared with ground states, Rydberg states are excited states with a high principal quantum number n that exhibit large electric dipole moments and have a variety of applications in quantum information processing. In this communication, we report the measurement of the 6Li Rydberg excitation spectrum by ladder-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a vapor cell. The 2p→ns/nd EIT spectra were recorded by sweeping the frequency of an ultraviolet Rydberg pumping laser while keeping the probing laser resonant to the 2s→2p transition. All lasers were locked on an ultrastable optical Fabry-Pérot cavity and measured by an optical frequency comb. Our results provide valuable information to precisely determine quantum defects and enable novel experiments with Rydberg-dressed ultracold Fermi gases.
In this work, we discuss two-photon excitation and diagnostic of ultracold Rydberg atoms in a magneto-optical trap. Lithium atoms were excited by using ultraviolet cw laser. For identification of Rydberg transitions, we recorded resonance fluorescence of ultracold atoms. Spectra of transitions 2P- n S, 2p- n D were measured. Our results are in good agreement with calculations and experimental data available in literature. Presented work is a part of our project focused on preparation and study of Rydberg matter and ultracold plasma.
Our work is devoted to theoretical study of the two-photon coherent spectroscopy of 7 Li atoms continuously cooled in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) on the 2S–2P transition. The ultracold atoms are transferred to highly excited Rydberg states in a two-step coherent excitation process by red and UV lasers. The red laser is detuned by -600 MHz from 2S–2P transition frequency and UV laser frequency detuning is scanned in the vicinity of +600 MHz from 2P-nS(D) transition where n∼40-100 is principal quantum number. The fluorescence signal on the 2P–2S cooling transition makes it possible to obtain a two-photon absorption spectrum. Atom-field interaction is considered in the simple three-level approximation involving a density matrix formalism. It is shown that the effect of the MOT beams on the shape of the two-photon absorption line can be taken into account by an appropriate change in the 2S–nS(D) coherence decay rate.