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Chinese journal of atomic and molecular physics

The interactions of angular momentums of dark hollow beams with neutral atoms and their applications

Zheng Ping

Published Jan 1, 2003• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The main features of the spin and orbital angular momentums of the dark hollow beams (DHB S), and the interactions between the angular momentums of the DHB S and the neutral atoms are reviewed. The applications of the DHB S and their angular momentums in atom optics, Bose Einstein condensation (BEC) and the developments of atom optical devices are briefly introduced.

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The main features of the spin and orbital angular momentums of the dark hollow beams (DHB S), and the interactions between the angular momentums of the DHB S and the neutral atoms are reviewed. The applications of the DHB S and their angular momentums in atom optics, Bose Einstein condensation (BEC) and the developments of atom optical devices are briefly introduced.
We report on a new experimental result to generate dark hollow beams by using a geometric optical method.We propose two new methods to produce focused and localized hollow laser beams by using π-phates,Using Monte-Carlo simulations,we have studied the Sisyphus cooling of alkali atoms in pyramidal hollow beam gravito-optical traps,We discuss some potential applications of the dark hollow beams in atom optics and the preparation of an all optically-cooled and optically-trapped atomic Bose-Einstein condensation(BEC),Our research shows that an ultracold atomic sample with a temperature of -2uK can be obtained in the pyramidal hollw beam dipole trap and an all optical-type BEC may be realized in a far blue-detuned,hollw beam trap.
We report on a new experimental result to generate dark hollow beams by using a geometric optical method. We propose two new methods to produce focused and localized hollow laser beams by using π-phase plates. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we have studied the Sisyphus cooling of alkali atoms in pyramidal hollow beam gravito-optical traps. We discuss some potential applications of the dark hollow beams in atom optics and the preparation of an all optically-cooled and optically-trapped atomic Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). Our research shows that an ultracold atomic sample with a temperature of ~2µK can be obtained in the pyramidal hollow beam dipole trap and an all optical-type BEC may be realized in a far blue-detuned, hollow beam trap.
The physics of optical vortices, also known as twisted light, is now a well-established and a growing branch of optical physics with a number of important applications and significant interdisciplinary connections.Optical vortex fields of widely varying forms and degrees of complexity can be realised in the laboratory by a host of different means.The interference between such beams with designated orbital angular momenta and optical spins (the latter is associated with wave polarisations) can be structured to conform to various geometrical arrangements.The focus of this review is on how such tailored forms of light can exert a controllable influence on atoms with which they interact.The main physical effects involve atoms in motion due to application of optical forces.The now mature area of atom optics has had notable successes both of fundamental nature and in applications such as atom lasers, atom guides and Bose-Einstein condensates.The concepts in atom optics encompass not only atomic beams interacting with light, but atomic motion in general as influenced by optical and other fields.Our primary concern in this review is on atoms in structured light where, in particular, the twisted nature of the light is made highly complex with additional features due to wave polarisation.These features bring to the fore a variety of physical phenomena not realisable in the context of atomic motion in more conventional forms of laser light.Atoms near resonance with such structured light fields become subject to electromagnetic fields with complex polarisation and phase distributions, as well as intricately structured intensity gradients and radiative forces.From the combined effect of optical spin and orbital angular momenta, atoms may also experience forces and torques involving an interplay between the internal and centre of mass degrees of freedom.Such interactions lead to new forms of processes including scattering, trapping and rotation and, as a result, they exhibit characteristic new features at the micro-scale and below.A number of distinctive properties involving angular momentum exchange between the light and the atoms are highlighted, and prospective applications are discussed.Comparison is made between the theoretical predictions in this area and the corresponding experiments that have been reported to date.
Summary form only given. Hollow beams have attracted increasing interest in the field of laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms. Several groups have used different techniques to generate dark hollow beams (DHB). However, the experimental setups and techniques employed in most of the investigations so far, are rather sophisticated and need usually more than one beam. On the other hand, Bessel beams are easily obtained in practice with a quite simple experimental arrangement. Investigations on the dynamical interplay between superimposed Bessel beams (SBB) has been demonstrated recently theoretically and experimentally. In this paper, we propose a new and simple experimental scheme to produce a dark hollow beam for atom trapping purposes, using the interference pattern originated from two superimposed Bessel beams. We illustrate the propagation of a superposition of two Bessel beams with same amplitude and phase, generated by a quite simple setup made with two annular slits and a lens.