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LASER GUIDING OF NEUTRAL ATOMS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

Jian She Hu

Published Jan 1, 2001• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The principle,methods and experimental progress of reddetuned laser guiding o f neutral atoms in hollow optical fibers and in Gussian laser beams are reviewed , as well as the bluedetuned evanescentwave guiding of atoms in hollow fiber s, and bluedetuned laser guiding of atoms in dark hollow beams. The potential applications of atomic guiding techniques in atom optics are briefly discussed.

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The principle,methods and experimental progress of reddetuned laser guiding o f neutral atoms in hollow optical fibers and in Gussian laser beams are reviewed , as well as the bluedetuned evanescentwave guiding of atoms in hollow fiber s, and bluedetuned laser guiding of atoms in dark hollow beams. The potential applications of atomic guiding techniques in atom optics are briefly discussed.
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Summary form only given. We present a theoretical model aimed at interpreting our experiments on optical guiding of neutral atoms through hollow-core fibers. We present calculations of the atomic flux of atoms guided through a fiber and investigate its dependence on the intensity of the laser light, detuning from the resonance and the fiber bend radius. For relatively short and/or large-diameter fibers the contribution of the nonconservative force is negligible and the experimental results are well described by the conservative contribution. In the opposite limit we find a clear signature of the viscous heating force manifested in the appearance of additional maxima in the dependence of the flux on the detuning and in the decrease of the flux with laser intensity.
We have used optical forces to guide atoms through hollow-core optical fibers. Laser light is launched into the hollow region of a glass capillary fiber and guided by grazing-incidence reflection from the walls. When the laser is detuned 1--30 GHz red of the Rb D2 resonance lines, dipole forces attract atoms to the high-intensity region along the axis and guide them through the fiber. We show that atoms may be guided around bends in the fiber and that in initial experiments the atoms experience up to 18 reflections from the potential walls with minimal loss.
We present a general theory of atom guiding in a blue-detuned hollow laser beam. Using the dressed-atom approach, we obtain the mean dipole gradient force, the radiation pressure force, and the momentum diffusion coefficients for three-level Λ-type cold atoms. Using Monte Carlo simulation, we calculate the guiding efficiencies and the final velocity distributions of atoms for various conditions. We find that the guiding efficiency depends not only on the intensity and detuning of the guiding hollow beam but also on the atom-guiding direction with respect to the propagation direction of the hollow laser beam. Comparing our analyses with recent experimental results, we find that they are mutually consistent. The results that we present can also be applied to atom guiding by hollow optical fibers.