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Acta Optica Sinica

Resonance enhanced stimulated four-photon mixing in Er~(3+) doped silica fibers

Hua Ye

Published Jan 1, 1992• 0 citations
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Abstract

Resonance enhanced stimulated four-photon mixing and optical free induction decay have been first demonstrated in Er3+ doped silica fibers under the excitation of a 1064 nm laser. The enhancement of anti-Stokes of stimulated four-photon mixing by the excited state 4I11/2 of Er3+ has been confirmed in frequency- and time-domain.

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Journal of Applied Physics•Oct 15, 2009•37 citations
Resonance-enhanced anti-stokes of stimulated four photon mixing is demonstrated for the first time in an Er3+ doped silica fiber under the excitation of a 1064 nm laser. The enhancement of 977 nm anti-stokes of stimulated four-photon mixing by the excited state 4I11/2 of Er3+ has been observed. After the fiber being prepared for efficient SHG, the spectra of stokes and anti-stokes stimulated four-photon mixing were measured again and found to have shifted 2 nm, respectively. We attribute this phenomenon to photo induced refractive-index changes in the fiber: one is caused by the short wavelength light absorptions of GeO, and the other is by the change of intensity-dependent Er3+ population in excited states.
The mutual interactions of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and stimulated four-photon mixing (SFPM) in an Er 3+ -doped optical fiber have been studied with a tunable pulsed dye laser. Besides normal SRS and SFPM signals, we have observed some new spectral lines. Some of the new lines are attributed to three photon mixing (one from the pump, one from the first-order Stokes and one from SFPM) while the others are assigned to new SRS produced by one of the SFPM signals. The mechanisms of the generation of these new spectral lines are discussed.
Optical fibers have proven to be one of the most important nonlinear media, even though in most cases the nonlinearity exploited is the notoriously weak Kerr effect of the silica-based fiber. By using doped fibers, new, stronger nonlinearities are possible. These stronger effects could allow for new phenomena and applications. Coherent effects, in particular, should be important when pulses shorter or comparable to the dephasing time of the impurity ions propagate in the fiber. Here we report, for the first time, the observation of accumulated photon-echo and free induction decay during the propagation of femtosecond pulses in Er doped fibers at 4.2°K.
We report a study of the excited-state absorption (ESA) in erbium-doped silica fiber (EDF) pumped at 977 nm, when the fiber is simultaneously excited by signal radiation at 1531 nm. We show, both experimentally and theoretically, that ESA efficiency at 977 nm gets strongly enhanced only in the presence of signal power. Experimentally, this conclusion is supported through the detection of upconversion emission, a “fingerprint” of the ESA process, and through the measurements of the EDF nonlinear transmission coefficient for the pump wavelength, which is sensitive to the ESA value. It is shown that the experimental data are precisely modeled with an advanced five-level Er3+ model developed for the EDF.