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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

New features of 977-nm anti-Stokes stimulated four-photon mixing pulses emitted from an Er3+-doped silica fiber

Yi-Min Hua, Qu Li, Yingli Chen, Yixin Chen

Published Mar 23, 1993• 0 citations

Abstract

Resonance-enhanced anti-stokes of stimulated four photon mixing is demonstrated for the first time in an Er3+ doped silica fiber under the excitation of a 1064 nm laser. The enhancement of 977 nm anti-stokes of stimulated four-photon mixing by the excited state 4I11/2 of Er3+ has been observed. After the fiber being prepared for efficient SHG, the spectra of stokes and anti-stokes stimulated four-photon mixing were measured again and found to have shifted 2 nm, respectively. We attribute this phenomenon to photo induced refractive-index changes in the fiber: one is caused by the short wavelength light absorptions of GeO, and the other is by the change of intensity-dependent Er3+ population in excited states.

DOI: 10.1117/12.141120

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Resonance-enhanced anti-stokes of stimulated four photon mixing is demonstrated for the first time in an Er3+ doped silica fiber under the excitation of a 1064 nm laser. The enhancement of 977 nm anti-stokes of stimulated four-photon mixing by the excited state 4I11/2 of Er3+ has been observed. After the fiber being prepared for efficient SHG, the spectra of stokes and anti-stokes stimulated four-photon mixing were measured again and found to have shifted 2 nm, respectively. We attribute this phenomenon to photo induced refractive-index changes in the fiber: one is caused by the short wavelength light absorptions of GeO, and the other is by the change of intensity-dependent Er3+ population in excited states.

The mutual interactions of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and stimulated four-photon mixing (SFPM) in an Er 3+ -doped optical fiber have been studied with a tunable pulsed dye laser. Besides normal SRS and SFPM signals, we have observed some new spectral lines. Some of the new lines are attributed to three photon mixing (one from the pump, one from the first-order Stokes and one from SFPM) while the others are assigned to new SRS produced by one of the SFPM signals. The mechanisms of the generation of these new spectral lines are discussed.

We report a study of the excited-state absorption (ESA) in erbium-doped silica fiber (EDF) pumped at 977 nm, when the fiber is simultaneously excited by signal radiation at 1531 nm. We show, both experimentally and theoretically, that ESA efficiency at 977 nm gets strongly enhanced only in the presence of signal power. Experimentally, this conclusion is supported through the detection of upconversion emission, a “fingerprint” of the ESA process, and through the measurements of the EDF nonlinear transmission coefficient for the pump wavelength, which is sensitive to the ESA value. It is shown that the experimental data are precisely modeled with an advanced five-level Er3+ model developed for the EDF.

Detailed experimental data on the efficiency of two-wave mixing via population dynamic grating in erbium-doped fiber (EDF) with saturable optical absorption are presented. The measurements were performed for spectral region 1490–1560 nm of the EDF absorption/gain spectrum, both for absorption and for phase (refractive index) components of the dynamic grating. The reported data confirm the earlier results published for some particular recording wavelengths. In particular, the amplitude gratings recorded in EDF in the central part of this region (1520–1560 nm) are significantly less efficient (by more than 1 order of magnitude) than it can be estimated from measurements of a spatially uniform fiber absorption saturation. It is shown, however, that this effect cannot be explained by spatial migration of the Er3+ excited state. At the short-wavelength spectrum side around 1490 nm, the disagreement between the experimentally observed and the evaluated grating amplitude is minimum (∼0.3) and can, probably, be attributed to the polarization mismatch in the counterpropagating recording waves.