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Laser Technology

Simulation of transverse position distributions of Cr atomic beam pre-collimated by three apertures

Pingping Zhang

Published Jan 1, 2012• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

In order to study the effect of isotopes except for 52Cr on the transverse position distribution of Cr atomic beam,simulation was carried out for 1-D transverse laser cooling with a three-aperture pre-collimating slit by means of Monte Carlo method.The results show that isotopes except for 52Cr can make the background increased and affect characteristics of each part of the atomic beam: the central maximum value decreases 9.5% and its full width at half maximum(FWHM)increases 2.9% in the center;while the maximum value increases 25% with little increase of the FWHM in either side.It concludes that the existence of the isotopes except for 52Cr has little effect on the center maximum value and FWHM of the center part atomic beam.

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Chinese Optics Letters•Oct 10, 2007•0 citations
In order to study the effect of isotopes except for 52Cr on the transverse position distribution of Cr atomic beam,simulation was carried out for 1-D transverse laser cooling with a three-aperture pre-collimating slit by means of Monte Carlo method.The results show that isotopes except for 52Cr can make the background increased and affect characteristics of each part of the atomic beam: the central maximum value decreases 9.5% and its full width at half maximum(FWHM)increases 2.9% in the center;while the maximum value increases 25% with little increase of the FWHM in either side.It concludes that the existence of the isotopes except for 52Cr has little effect on the center maximum value and FWHM of the center part atomic beam.
Transverse velocity distributions of Cr atomic beam truncated by a novel three-aperture pre-collimating slit, with and without one-dimensional transverse laser cooling, are presented. The simulations ware performed using Monte Carlo particle-optics approach, taking into account of the isotopes, distribution of longitudinal velocity and transverse divergence. The results showed that the atomic beam had a velocity distribution in the range of ±3m/s and ±1m/s, without and with laser cooling. Consequently, the transverse divergence is 0.77mrad and 0.27mrad, respectively. In addition, with an assumption that only52Cr atoms interact with the cooling laser, the existence of other isotopes will decrease the maximum value of the velocity, and increase the background.
A well collimated atomic beam plays an important role in laser focused Cr atom deposition. The simulations of one-dimensional (1D) transverse laser cooling of Cr atomic beam is performed with the Monte Carlo method. Taking into account the stochastic initial conditions of each atom, isotopes other than 52Cr, longitudinal velocity distribution and transverse divergence, the atomic beam cooled by laser is optimized and evaluated. The obtained results are consistent with experimental. In addition, with picking out the trajectories of isotopes other than 52Cr that are not cooled by the laser the center maximum value can be reduced by 9.3%, and the FWHM is increased by 11% of the transverse distribution.
In order to acquire high collimating neutral Cr atomic beam,a laser collimating field is designed which is composed of three groups of laser beams to collimate high temperature Cr atomic beam. To reflect better the uncertainty of atomic motion in actual status and the influence of atomic isotopes on experiments,Monte Carlo random method is used to simulate the atomic initial state in the actual state. Based on stress distribution of atoms in the laser collimating field,motion characteristics of neutral Cr atomic beam in the actual state are quantitatively analyzed under the laser collimating field,and this motion path in the three-dimensional space and three-dimensional distribution of atomic landing point status are analyzed. The results show that the maximum divergency angle decreases to 1. 5 mrad in x direction and decreases to 1. 6 mrad in y direction after collimating Cr atomic beam,and atomic flux increases twice.Study results provide more detailed data for experiment and more ideal cold atomic beam for further more precise nanometer grating and nanodots.
A grating structure with period of half of the laser wavelength generated by focusing Cr atoms with nearly resonant laser standing wave atom lens was simulated using a quantum-mechanical model.The influence of thermal atomic source on atom focusing,including the statistical distribution of the longitudinal veloc- ity and the beam divergence,was discussed.The background and full-width at half-maximum （FWHM） of atomic density peaks with vz in Maxwell distribution and vx0 in Gaussian distribution increase sig- nificantly compared with ideal atoms.Collimating atoms with laser cooling is necessary to decrease the peak broadening.更多还原
In order to study the effect of substrate diffraction on laser-focused Cr atom deposition,simulation and comparative analysis were performed based on the scalar optical diffraction theory under the presence and absence of substrate diffraction.The variation of stripe value of atomic wave-packet probability distribution which stands for the deposited lines with different atomic wave-packet velocities was focused.The results show that because of substrate diffraction,the max value of wave-packet probability distribution has 14.9% average increase and the full width of half maximum(FWHM) has 14.3% average decrease for different longitudinal most probable velocities when transverse velocity remains constant;the max value of wave-packet probability distribution has 14.5% average increase and the FWHM has 16.9% average decrease for different transverse velocities when the most probable longitudinal velocity remains constant.The research results provide a richer theoretical guidance for the experiment.
A grating structure with period of half of the laser wavelength generated by focusing Cr atoms with nearly resonant laser standing wave atom lens was simulated using a quantum-mechanical model. The influence of thermal atomic source on atom focusing, including the statistical distribution of the longitudinal velocity and the beam divergence, was discussed. The background and full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of atomic density peaks with vz in Maxwell distribution and vx0 in Gaussian distribution increase significantly compared with ideal atoms. Collimating atoms with laser cooling is necessary to decrease the peak broadening.