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International Conference on Instrumentation and Measurement, Computer, Communication and Control (IMCCC)

Simulations of Transverse Velocity Distributions of CR Atomic Beam Truncated by a Three-aperture Pre-collimating Slit

Lidong Wang, Qian Jin

Published Dec 1, 2012• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Transverse velocity distributions of Cr atomic beam truncated by a novel three-aperture pre-collimating slit, with and without one-dimensional transverse laser cooling, are presented. The simulations ware performed using Monte Carlo particle-optics approach, taking into account of the isotopes, distribution of longitudinal velocity and transverse divergence. The results showed that the atomic beam had a velocity distribution in the range of ±3m/s and ±1m/s, without and with laser cooling. Consequently, the transverse divergence is 0.77mrad and 0.27mrad, respectively. In addition, with an assumption that only52Cr atoms interact with the cooling laser, the existence of other isotopes will decrease the maximum value of the velocity, and increase the background.

DOI
10.1109/imccc.2012.45

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Transverse velocity distributions of Cr atomic beam truncated by a novel three-aperture pre-collimating slit, with and without one-dimensional transverse laser cooling, are presented. The simulations ware performed using Monte Carlo particle-optics approach, taking into account of the isotopes, distribution of longitudinal velocity and transverse divergence. The results showed that the atomic beam had a velocity distribution in the range of ±3m/s and ±1m/s, without and with laser cooling. Consequently, the transverse divergence is 0.77mrad and 0.27mrad, respectively. In addition, with an assumption that only52Cr atoms interact with the cooling laser, the existence of other isotopes will decrease the maximum value of the velocity, and increase the background.
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A well collimated atomic beam plays an important role in laser focused Cr atom deposition. The simulations of one-dimensional (1D) transverse laser cooling of Cr atomic beam is performed with the Monte Carlo method. Taking into account the stochastic initial conditions of each atom, isotopes other than 52Cr, longitudinal velocity distribution and transverse divergence, the atomic beam cooled by laser is optimized and evaluated. The obtained results are consistent with experimental. In addition, with picking out the trajectories of isotopes other than 52Cr that are not cooled by the laser the center maximum value can be reduced by 9.3%, and the FWHM is increased by 11% of the transverse distribution.
In order to acquire high collimating neutral Cr atomic beam,a laser collimating field is designed which is composed of three groups of laser beams to collimate high temperature Cr atomic beam. To reflect better the uncertainty of atomic motion in actual status and the influence of atomic isotopes on experiments,Monte Carlo random method is used to simulate the atomic initial state in the actual state. Based on stress distribution of atoms in the laser collimating field,motion characteristics of neutral Cr atomic beam in the actual state are quantitatively analyzed under the laser collimating field,and this motion path in the three-dimensional space and three-dimensional distribution of atomic landing point status are analyzed. The results show that the maximum divergency angle decreases to 1. 5 mrad in x direction and decreases to 1. 6 mrad in y direction after collimating Cr atomic beam,and atomic flux increases twice.Study results provide more detailed data for experiment and more ideal cold atomic beam for further more precise nanometer grating and nanodots.
In this paper,a size detecting system based on Laser induced fluorescence(LIF)is designed to measure the Cr atomic beam divergence of laser collimation by using one-dimensional transverse Doppler cooling scheme.Under the parameters of cooling laser power of 45mW,interaction distance of 24mm and detuning of-0.5Γ,we observe the angular distribution of Cr atoms(50%quantile) on the beam axis is from 1.07±0.10mrad to 0.46±0.10mrad by laser collimation.we also present detailed measurements of collimation angles over different laser powers and compare and analysis our results with numerical calculation based on the semiclassical model.
Considering the stochastic factors and using Monte Carlo method, we have studied the dynamics of two-dimensional (2D) collimated thermal atomic beam of strontium theoretically. Taking into account transverse divergence, initial position of each atom, longitudinal velocity distribution, and isotopes, we show the theoretical transverse distribution and the results of the Monte Carlo method as functions of detuning and power of laser, respectively. The theoretical results agree excellently with the experimental data, showing that the Monte Carlo method has precisely described the dynamics of 2D collimated thermal atomic beam of strontium. The method can provide an analytical tool for precisely controlling the 2D collimated thermal atomic beam and optimizing the atomic clock system.