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宁夏师范学院学报

Investigation of Transient Properties of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in a Λ-Type Three-level System

Huaigang Zhang

Published Jan 1, 2009• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The transient properties of electromagnetically induced transparency in a Λ-type three-level system are investigated theoretically.The time-dependent matrix equations are solved by the operational methods of Laplace transform.Under the different initial conditions the evolution of the probe laser Absorption and the population of each level varying with the pump laser energy and the time are analyzed.

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Journal of Modern Optics•Oct 24, 2023•1 citation
The transient properties of electromagnetically induced transparency in a Λ-type three-level system are investigated theoretically.The time-dependent matrix equations are solved by the operational methods of Laplace transform.Under the different initial conditions the evolution of the probe laser Absorption and the population of each level varying with the pump laser energy and the time are analyzed.
The transient properties of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) with different pump laser energies in a Λ-type three-level system are studied by solving the time-dependent matrix equation. The time evolution of the probe laser absorption, the population of the three levels and the coherent term ρ 23 are analyzed. It is shown that transient amplification without inversion can be realized with high pump laser energy and that transient EIT would reduce and transient amplification without inversion would disappear with the decrease of the pump laser energy. Since the probe absorption depends on the product of Rabi frequency of the pump laser and the coherent term ρ 23, the nonzero damping coherent term ρ 23 results in the transient absorption and amplification without inversion at high pump laser energy, and the decrease of the coherence with the decrease of the pump laser energy leads to the disappearance of the amplification and enhancement of absorption.
We have theoretically studied the atomic populations, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), and dispersion in a three-level Λ-type system. The density matrix equations are set up with regard for the relaxation of populations of the ground states, and the optical Bloch equations are solved analytically in the weak probe field approximation. Decoherence effects in the ground and excited states on the EIT line shape and dispersive signals are studied, and it is found that the EIT line width increases and the peak height decreases, as the decoherence rates increase in the ground and excited states. On the other hand, we have observed that the dispersive signals are steeper and of high contrast for the lower decoherence rates in the ground and excited states. We have also analyzed the variations of atomic populations of the energy levels at the pump Rabi frequency, as well as the decoherence rate in the ground state.
This paper presents a wide-ranging theoretical and experimental study of nonadiabatic transient phenomena in a $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ electromagnetically induced transparency system when a strong coupling field is rapidly switched on or off. The theoretical treatment uses a Laplace transform approach to solve the time-dependent density matrix equation. The experiments are carried out in a 87Rb{}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb magneto-optical trap. The results show transient probe gain in parameter regions not previously studied, and provide insight into the transition dynamics between bare and dressed states.
We discuss the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in lambda, cascade and vee type three-level systems where the Hamiltonian and the Lindblad term of each configuration are expressed in the SU(3) representation. At steady state, the Optical Bloch Equations of each configuration are solved to obtain the dispersion and absorption profiles of the probe field along with their group velocities. When the EIT condition is achieved at resonance, the population oscillation shows which of the bare states are contributing to form the dark state. Our study reveals that the dark state for the lambda and cascade system effectively coincides with the lowest bare state of that system, while for the vee system, it is a maximally superposed state of the middle and upper bare states.
We investigate theoretically the time dependent fluorescence spectra (TDFS) of a three-level system in electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and coherent population trapping (CPT) configurations. Time dependent fluorescence intensities of Rayleigh and Stokes transitions are studied as a function of the ground state coherence relaxation rate and initial state preparation, and their correlation with the temporal evolution of dark and bright states is established. Linewidths of fluorescence and absorption are compared in different regimes of relaxation rates. The results are used to discuss the characteristic features of EIT and CPT in the domain of fluorescence spectroscopy.