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Journal of National University of Defense Technology

A Quantum Secret Sharing Scheme Based on Polarized Single Photons and Quantum Computation

LI Hong-xin

Published Jan 1, 2011• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

With the help of quantum computation operator,a quantum secret sharing scheme based on polarized single photons is proposed.Efficiency analysis indicates that all qubits can be used in the secret sharing.With the permutation operator and quantum entanglement,the protocol can resist the middleman attack effectively.By using the auxiliary qubit,the protocol can detect the Trojan horse attack with high probability.The extension of the permutation operator shows the scheme which contains n pairs is feasible and applicable.

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With the help of quantum computation operator,a quantum secret sharing scheme based on polarized single photons is proposed.Efficiency analysis indicates that all qubits can be used in the secret sharing.With the permutation operator and quantum entanglement,the protocol can resist the middleman attack effectively.By using the auxiliary qubit,the protocol can detect the Trojan horse attack with high probability.The extension of the permutation operator shows the scheme which contains n pairs is feasible and applicable.
To improve the efficiency and security of quantum secret sharing,with the help of Grover’s algorithm,a quantum secret sharing scheme based on polarized single photons is proposed.Efficiency analysis indicates that all qubits can be used in the secret sharing and its theoretical efficiency achieves to 100%.In the security proving,with Grover’s operator and quantum entanglement,the protocol can resist the middleman attack effectively.And by using auxiliary qubit,the protocol can detect the Trojan horse attack with high probability.The extension of Grover’s operator shows the scheme which contains pairs is feasible and applicable.Finally,a view concerning the future work in quantum secret sharing is represented.
By using order rearrangements to generate sub-secrets, we propose a novel multi-party quantum secret sharing protocol based on single photons. Obviously, the method to form sub-secrets is special and interesting here. We analyze the security of the proposed protocol, and detect that it can resist the general attacks: the intercept-resend attack, the entangle-measure attack and Trojan horse attack. We calculate the efficiency of the proposed protocol, and show that it is higher than those of some quantum secret sharing protocols.
In single-qubit quantum secret sharing, a secret is shared between NNN parties via manipulation and measurement of one qubit at a time. Each qubit is sent to all NNN parties in sequence; the secret is encoded in the first participant's preparation of the qubit state and the subsequent participants' choices of state rotation or measurement basis. We present a protocol for single-qubit quantum secret sharing using polarization entanglement of photon pairs produced in type-I spontaneous parametric downconversion. We investigate the protocol's security against eavesdropping attack under common experimental conditions: a lossy channel for photon transmission, and imperfect preparation of the initial qubit state. A protocol which exploits entanglement between photons, rather than simply polarization correlation, is more robustly secure. We implement the entanglement-based secret-sharing protocol with 87% secret-sharing fidelity, limited by the purity of the entangled state produced by our present apparatus. We demonstrate a photon-number splitting eavesdropping attack, which achieves no success against the entanglement-based protocol while showing the predicted rate of success against a correlation-based protocol.
A quantum dialogue protocol based on single photons is proposed in this paper, two legitimate dialogue parties can send their secret messages to each other simultaneously. The protocol is secure against the denial of service attack, the delay-photon Trojan horse attack and invisible photon eavesdropping attack. Moreover, it can overcome the information leakage problem existed in most previous quantum dialogue protocols. Compared with the only secure quantum dialogue protocol based on single photons which also can overcome the information leakage problem as far as we know, our protocol has a higher efficiency for qubits. The protocol is experimentally feasible within current technologies.
The aim of quantum secret sharing, as one of most promising components of quantum cryptograph, is one-to-multiparty secret communication based on the principles of quantum mechanics. In this paper, an efficient multiparty quantum secret sharing protocol in a high-dimensional quantum system using a single qudit is proposed. Each participant's shadow is encoded on a single qudit via a measuring basis encryption method, which avoids the waste of qudits caused by basis reconciliation. Security analysis indicates that the proposed protocol is immune to general attacks, such as the measure-resend attack, entangle-and-measure attack and Trojan horse attack. Compared to former protocols, the proposed protocol only needs to perform the single-qudit measurement operation, and can share the predetermined dits instead of random bits or dits.
Most semi-quantum secret sharing protocols are suitable for the application with three participants. Based on the n-level states, a multiparty semi-quantum secret sharing protocol is proposed. Compared with similar protocols, it has the merits as follows. (1) The dealer only needs to prepare the single photon sequence without using any product state or entangle state. (2) To share a secret, the classical parties need not have the ability of measurement. They only need to reorder the photon sequence and send it to the receiver. (3) The dealer knows nothing about any agent’s secret shadow. Therefore, it is infeasible for the dealer to impersonate the classical participant to pool the secret shadow during the secret recovering phase. (4) Theoretically, the qubit efficiency of the proposed protocol is asymptotically 100%. The protocol is secure against famous attacks such as intercept-resend attack, measurement-resend attack and entangle-measure attack.