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Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics

Quantum identity authentication with zero knowledge

Chen Yong-zh

Published Jan 1, 2015• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

A quantum identity authentication protocol based on the correlation of Einstein-PadolskyRosen(EPR) pairs was proposed.It has the property of zero knowledge.The proposed scheme uses the physical characteristics of quantum mechanics to implement identity authentication,so it can guarantee the unconditional security of the scheme.In addition,the scheme could defeat all kinds of possible quantum attacks.

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A quantum identity authentication protocol based on the correlation of Einstein-PadolskyRosen(EPR) pairs was proposed.It has the property of zero knowledge.The proposed scheme uses the physical characteristics of quantum mechanics to implement identity authentication,so it can guarantee the unconditional security of the scheme.In addition,the scheme could defeat all kinds of possible quantum attacks.
This work presents a new scheme based on a quantum zero-knowledge proof for identity authentication. The novelty of this research is the migration of the classical concept Zero-knowledge into the quantum cryptographic framework that, to the best of our knowledge, has never been explored. This approach allows us to take advantage of the principles of quantum mechanics to build a protocol, which is secure against quantum computer attacks, for authenticating several users having access to the same network node. The protocol has been designed, its security analysed and implemented in modified Quantum Key Distribution devices. Two scenarios have been analysed experimentally, the first being both the prover and the verifier honest players, and the second case being the prover a malicious player, the latter demonstrating a notable increase in the quantum bit error rate that prevents a fraudulent authentication.
A theoretical scheme for zero-knowledge proof quantum identity authentication is proposed by the absolutely impartial third party CA， which has been realized based on remote state preparation and assisted cloning controlled means. In the process of identification， only CA knows the information of quantum identity card and the first party Alice and the second party Bob can accomplish the quantum identity authentication without knowing it. We discuss the probability of accomplishing this job. The security of this scheme is unconditional and it is guaranteed by quantum mechanism.
A secure quantum identity authentication protocol by employing the mechanism of the secret transmitting order scheme via the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs is proposed. With the help of a certificated authority, two legitimate users can faithfully accomplish the authentication and distribute the quantum key simultaneously. Investigation on security of our protocol is also provided which shows the protocol remains robust when confronted with series typical individual attacks. During the protocol, no local operation and classical communication is applied.
A cross-center quantum identity authenticatin scheme was proposed.Which was based on teleportation and quantum entanglement swapping in quantum optics.In a distributed network,the proposed scheme was realized by transmitting information in quantum channel using shared EPR pairs and exchanging necessary information in classical channel at the same time.The security of this scheme,which is guaranteed by quantum mechanism,is unconditional as the EPR quantum key distribution protocol.Compare with previous schemes,the proposed scheme overcomes some disadvantages of those simple point-to-point quantum identity authentication scheme.Because of the characteristic of cross-center extending the authentication range,the proposed scheme is more flexible and practical.
A lot of authenticated quantum dialogue protocols are springing up. Many of them have the problem of information leakage, or suffer from Man-In-The-Middle attack. Some protocols can guarantee security, but have relatively low efficiency. Based on the above situation, we present a novel authenticated quantum dialogue protocol by using Bell states and entanglement swapping. In this protocol, we adopt Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs to detect eavesdropping and transmit secret messages. We employ polarized photons to achieve authentication of users' identity information. Compared with other quantum dialogue schemes with authentication, our protocol has several advantages. The transmitted particles are passed once and do not carry any secret messages. The proposed protocol can overcome the drawback of information leakage and resist against typical attacks. The efficiency is acceptable.
This study proposes a two-party quantum identity authentication protocol that does not require the participation of a third party. The protocol can verify the user’s identity without exposing the authentication key information, and it can be implemented with a single-photon state, which does not involve entanglement, enabling it to be combined with existing technologies. The shared key is protected by the protocol and hidden during communication, and the security of the authentication scheme is analyzed and verified under general attack. Further analysis results indicate that this protocol is secure and efficient.