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Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics

Gated-mode single-photon detection and its applicationsusing InGaAs-APD

Songhao Liu

Published Jan 1, 2004• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

It is expounded that some key problems about single photon detection using InGaAs-APD with a gate mode application. In addition to summarizing the characteristics of the detection device and the gated-mode control system, it is summed up that the actually existed problems and the probably solved means in such mode. And finally its application in the quantum cryptography communication is briefly surveyed.

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It is expounded that some key problems about single photon detection using InGaAs-APD with a gate mode application. In addition to summarizing the characteristics of the detection device and the gated-mode control system, it is summed up that the actually existed problems and the probably solved means in such mode. And finally its application in the quantum cryptography communication is briefly surveyed.
A single-photon detection system with laser of 1310nm wavelength as light source is designed. Using InGaAs Avalanche Photodiode (InGaAs-APD) as single-photon detection device for quantum cryptography communication, the bias-voltage formation, low-temperature control and single-photon signal detection are comprehensively considered. The photon gate formed by pulse superimposed on DC level is equivalently performed by monostable circuit in pulse generator. Detection sensitivity of the system is improved by using a trans-impedance pre-amplifier and a precision comparator. The detection experiments in initial stage show that the waveform of -93dBm light signal can be observed by the detection system.
In order to improve the sensitivity of single-photon detection systems,InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiode(InGaAs/InP APD) is used in the design of single photon detector of quantum communication.Single photon detector bias generation circuit in gate pulse mode,single-photon signal amplification circuit,single photon signal detection circuit and temperature control module were realized.By selecting high-precision OP37 preamplifier and precision comparator AD8561,quantum efficiency was increased to 18.3%,dark count was controlled within 4.1 × 10-6/ns.
Modeling and design of a single photon detector and its various characteristics are presented. It is a type of avalanche photo diode (APD) designed to suit the requirements of a Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) detection system. The device is modeled to operate in a gated mode at liquid nitrogen temperature for minimum noise and maximum gain. Different types of APDs are compared for best performance. The APD is part of an optical communication link, which is a private channel to transmit the key signal. The encrypted message is sent via a public channel. The optical link operates at a wavelength of 1.55μm. The design is based on InGaAs with a quantum efficiency of more than 75% and a multiplication factor of 1000. The calculated dark current is below 10-12A with an overall signal to noise ratio better than 18 dB. The device sensitivity is better than -40 dBm, which is more than an order of magnitude higher than the dark current, corresponding to a detection sensitivity of two photons in pico-second pulses.