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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

The shortening of the laser pulses in a medium with reverse saturable absorption

Vladislav Yu. Gribkov, Rimma Sh. Zatrudina

Published Apr 21, 2016• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A model of the laser pulse propagation through a medium with a special mechanism of optical limiting - the effect of the reverse saturated absorption - was proposed. It is shown that the propagation through three-level medium with reverse saturable absorption leads to decrease duration and transformation of the profile of the pulse. Analytical expressions for the maximum intensity shift and change of duration of the laser pulse were obtained.

DOI
10.1117/12.2229870

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A model of the laser pulse propagation through a medium with a special mechanism of optical limiting - the effect of the reverse saturated absorption - was proposed. It is shown that the propagation through three-level medium with reverse saturable absorption leads to decrease duration and transformation of the profile of the pulse. Analytical expressions for the maximum intensity shift and change of duration of the laser pulse were obtained.
The propagation of short light pulses in a three-level medium with reverse saturable absorption taking into account relaxation is considered. It is shown that in such a medium soliton-like pulses of constant duration can propagate. The areas in the five-dimensional parameter space in which such pulses can exist are determined by numerical methods. The parameters of the problem are the characteristics of the medium – the relaxation time, the ratio of the absorption cross sections of the first excited and ground states and the initial transmittance, as well as the characteristics of the pulse – the duration and intensity.
In this paper, the propagation of nanosecond laser pulses in various media with reverse saturable absorption is studied by numerical methods. Numerical simulation of the propagation of nanosecond laser pulses in a three-level medium with reverse saturable absorption was carried out using the classical transport equation for the case of incoherent nonlinear interaction of radiation with the medium described by the proposed three-level model. The degree of pulse deformation in such media is estimated. It is shown that with an increase in intensity, the pulse begins to deform, the pulse front shortens, the trailing edge becomes longer, the asymmetry coefficient increases. An additional maximum begins to form during a trailing edge with a further increase in intensity. As the additional maximum increases, the asymmetry coefficient monotonously decreases to negative values.
Abstract In the framework of the consistent microscopic theory, universal analytic expressions describing absorption of laser pulses of an arbitrary duration in an optically dense medium have been derived, and their limiting cases have been considered. For the Gaussian and Lorentzian spectral profiles, simple expressions have been obtained for the absorption coefficient as a function of dimensionless parameters (optical thickness of the medium, the pulse duration and carrier frequency). Based on the performed calculations, the effect of the optical thickness of the medium on the dependences of the absorption coefficient on the pulse parameters has been revealed.
Reverse-saturable absorbers are of considerable interest for optical limiting. Using the electric dipole perturbation, we derived the rate equation for a five-level system describing reverse-saturable absorbers. Traditional theories for the propagating laser beam in these materials are expressed in terms of the optical intensity. However, with the introduction of high-power short-pulsed lasers, the propagation of light in these materials may be subject to nonlinear phenomena such as self-focusing and self-phase modulation. Furthermore, conventional theories treat the laser light as a continuous wave or as a very broad temporal pulse in which dispersive effects are neglected. In order to incorporate these other nonlinear or dispersive effects, and therefore determine their influence in reverse-saturable absorbers, we derived an equation for the propagation of the electromagnetic field, rather than the intensity, coupled to the rate equations for a five-level system. We also coupled our theory to experimentally measurable parameters for these materials and detailed the various physical approximations used to obtain the rate equations.