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Saratov Fall Meeting: Laser Physics, Photonic Technologies, and Molecular Modeling

The conditions for the propagation of soliton-like pulses in nonlinear media with reverse saturable absorption

Rimma Sh. Zatrudina, Vladislav Yu. Gribkov

Published Jun 3, 2019• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The propagation of short light pulses in a three-level medium with reverse saturable absorption taking into account relaxation is considered. It is shown that in such a medium soliton-like pulses of constant duration can propagate. The areas in the five-dimensional parameter space in which such pulses can exist are determined by numerical methods. The parameters of the problem are the characteristics of the medium – the relaxation time, the ratio of the absorption cross sections of the first excited and ground states and the initial transmittance, as well as the characteristics of the pulse – the duration and intensity.

DOI
10.1117/12.2523347

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The propagation of short light pulses in a three-level medium with reverse saturable absorption taking into account relaxation is considered. It is shown that in such a medium soliton-like pulses of constant duration can propagate. The areas in the five-dimensional parameter space in which such pulses can exist are determined by numerical methods. The parameters of the problem are the characteristics of the medium – the relaxation time, the ratio of the absorption cross sections of the first excited and ground states and the initial transmittance, as well as the characteristics of the pulse – the duration and intensity.
In this paper, the propagation of nanosecond laser pulses in various media with reverse saturable absorption is studied by numerical methods. Numerical simulation of the propagation of nanosecond laser pulses in a three-level medium with reverse saturable absorption was carried out using the classical transport equation for the case of incoherent nonlinear interaction of radiation with the medium described by the proposed three-level model. The degree of pulse deformation in such media is estimated. It is shown that with an increase in intensity, the pulse begins to deform, the pulse front shortens, the trailing edge becomes longer, the asymmetry coefficient increases. An additional maximum begins to form during a trailing edge with a further increase in intensity. As the additional maximum increases, the asymmetry coefficient monotonously decreases to negative values.
We describe the absorption characteristics of polarized light pulses of short temporal duration in media with a ground state absorption cross section and large excited state absorption cross section. The effects of rotational diffusion, pulse depletion, finite pulse propagation time, and transition dipole moment orientation are properly treated. Significant enhancement of the reverse saturation due to excited state absorption results when the ground and excited state absorption dipole moments are parallel.
Exact single-soliton solutions of the modified system of Maxwell-Bloch equations, in which the dipole-dipole interactions of the atoms of a dense resonant medium are taken into account, are obtained. Two propagation regimes are analyzed: “coherent,” where the pulse duration is much shorter than both relaxation times ( T p ≪ T 1 , T 2 ), and “incoherent,” where the pulse duration falls between the relaxation times ( T 2 ≪ T p ≪ T 1 ). It is predicted, for the first time, that soliton propagation of an ultrashort pulse is possible in a dense resonant absorbing medium in an incoherent interaction regime. The differences between the amplitude and phase characteristics of the solitons considered and the corresponding characteristics of the solitons for McCall-Hahn self-induced transparency are noted.
Propagation of broad-band ultimately short light pulses in a partially absorbing medium is analyzed in the framework of the three-level model. Nonlinear wave equations are obtained describing propagation of light pulses in media with quadratic (all three transitions are allowed) or cubic (one of the transitions is forbidden) nonlinearity in the range of optical transparency or with the sine-Gordon-type nonlinearity in the region of absorption. Using the averaged variational principle, the approximate solutions of equations in the form of unipolar soliton-like signals are found and conditions of their transverse stability are determined. A stable propagation of a broad-band pulse is shown to be possible under conditions when monochromatic signals exhibit self-focusing.
A theoretical investigation is reported of the behavior of optical pulses under quasiresonant adiabatic tracking conditions. It is shown that dispersion of the group velocity and saturation of the populations of the resonant levels may give rise to soliton propagation of light. The exact solution for the envelope of a soliton is obtained for the first time subject to the saturation effect. Expressions are derived for the critical energy density in a soliton and for its duration. A study is made of the influence of the resonant saturation on the shape of a soliton envelope and its parameters. An analysis is reported of the behavior of light pulses of energies higher and lower than the critical value. It is shown that these pulses exhibit three types of quasisoliton propagation: weak, strong, and steady-state. The results for the pulses are generalized to two-dimensional light beams in a nonlinear waveguide.