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ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA

Information Leakage Prevention in Quantum Dialogue Using the Measurement Correlation after Entanglement Swapping and Decreasing the Transmission Efficiency

YE Tian-y

Published Jan 1, 2013• 2 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

In order to solve the security threat of information leakage in quantum dialogue protocols,a controlled quantum dialogue protocol without information leakage was proposed,where the controller Alice controlled the bidirectional communication between two communication parties,Bob and Charlie.The problem of information leakage was avoided by making full use of the measurement correlation property after entanglement swapping between two maximally entangled GHZ states and decreasing the transmission efficiency.Moreover,the Bell-basis measurement rather than the GHZ-basis measurement was needed.Security analysis shows that the active attacks from an outside eavesdropper can be detected,such as the intercept-resend attack,the measurement-resend attack and the entanglement-and-measurement attack.

Related papers

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Good security is indispensable to any quantum secret communication protocol.However, information leakage has been a great security threat to quantum dialogue.In order to solve the problem,aquantum dialogue protocol without information leakage via cavity QED was proposed, which made full use of the evolution law of atoms in cavity QED.The proposed quantum dialogue protocol avoided the information leakage problem by using the measurement correlation property after entanglement swapping between two Bell states via cavity QED,and could securely exchange 4 bits secret messages per round communication.The results show that the proposed protocol is able to detect the active attacks from the outside eavesdropper through security checking,such as the intercept-resend attack,the measurement-resend attack and the entanglement-and-measurement attack.Therefore,it has good security towards both the information leakage problem and the active attacks from the outside eavesdropper.

ACTA PHOTONICA SINICA•Jan 1, 2014•0 citations

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International Journal of System Control and Information Processing•Dec 8, 2025•0 citations
In order to solve the security threat of information leakage in quantum dialogue protocols,a controlled quantum dialogue protocol without information leakage was proposed,where the controller Alice controlled the bidirectional communication between two communication parties,Bob and Charlie.The problem of information leakage was avoided by making full use of the measurement correlation property after entanglement swapping between two maximally entangled GHZ states and decreasing the transmission efficiency.Moreover,the Bell-basis measurement rather than the GHZ-basis measurement was needed.Security analysis shows that the active attacks from an outside eavesdropper can be detected,such as the intercept-resend attack,the measurement-resend attack and the entanglement-and-measurement attack.
Good security is indispensable to any quantum secret communication protocol.However, information leakage has been a great security threat to quantum dialogue.In order to solve the problem,aquantum dialogue protocol without information leakage via cavity QED was proposed, which made full use of the evolution law of atoms in cavity QED.The proposed quantum dialogue protocol avoided the information leakage problem by using the measurement correlation property after entanglement swapping between two Bell states via cavity QED,and could securely exchange 4 bits secret messages per round communication.The results show that the proposed protocol is able to detect the active attacks from the outside eavesdropper through security checking,such as the intercept-resend attack,the measurement-resend attack and the entanglement-and-measurement attack.Therefore,it has good security towards both the information leakage problem and the active attacks from the outside eavesdropper.
A controlled bidirectional quantum secure direct communication protocol without information leakage was proposed.In the proposed protocol,two authenticated communication parties,Alice and Bob,were able to securely exchange their secret messages simultaneously under the control of the controller,Charlie.The problem of information leakage was overcome by making full use of the measurement correlation property after entanglement swapping among three Bell states.Moreover,the proposed protocol merely took the Bell state as quantum resource and merely needed the Bell measurement so that it was convenient to implement.Security analysis shows that the proposed protocol can detect not only the active attacks from the outside eavesdropper,but also the dishonest behavior from the controller,Charlie.It can be concluded that the proposed protocol has good security.
In order to avoid the risk of information leakage during the information mutual transmission between two authorized participants, i.e. Alice and Bob, a quantum dialogue protocol based on the entanglement swapping between any two Bell states and the shared secret Bell state is proposed. The proposed protocol integrates the ideas of block transmission, two-step transmission and unitary operation encoding together using the Bell states as the information carriers. Besides the entanglement swapping between any two Bell states, a shared secret Bell state is also used to overcome the information leakage problem, which not only makes Bob aware of the prepared initial state but also is used for Bob's encoding and entanglement swapping. Security analysis shows that the proposed protocol can resist the general active attacks from an outside eavesdropper Eve. Moreover, the relation between the maximal amount of information Eve can gain and the detection probability is derived.
Abstract This paper proposes a novel information leakage resistant quantum dialogue protocol based on Grover’s quantum searching. This protocol prevents the information leakage problem by directly transmitting the auxiliary two-particle product states from one user to another user. Security analysis proves that this protocol is able to defeat the intercept-resend attack, the measure-resend attack, the entangle-measure attack and the Trojan horse attack from an outside eavesdropper. The qubit efficiency of this protocol after ignoring the eavesdropping check processes is as high as 2/3. This protocol only employs two-particle product states as initial quantum resource, only needs single-particle measurements and does not need to implement quantum entanglement swapping.
Abstract A controlled semi-quantum dialogue protocol is proposed that uses semi-quantum cryptography and the concept of ‘control’. In this scheme, the supervisor Charlie prepares a large number of entangled photon pairs and separates them into an S A for verification and an S B for encoding. The quantum-capable party Alice and the classical communication party Bob proceed to encode on the S B sequence only after confirming the security of the channel. Finally, Alice performs measurements and announces the results to finalise the communication. This protocol ensures that secret information is exchanged between Alice and Bob only with Charlie’s permission, while Charlie has no access to the communicators’ secret information during the whole process. In terms of security, the protocol contains two strict security checks and accounts for noise, making it robust against both internal and external attacks, which greatly improves the security and reliability of the protocol. Finally, the efficiency analysis demonstrates that the protocol outperforms other existing protocols in terms of efficiency and its actual efficiency can approach the theoretical limit through optimization.
In this paper, a controlled quantum dialogue (CQD) protocol based on Brown states is proposed. In the beginning, the controller Cindy creates a five-qubit Brown state as the channel and distributes it to the other two communication participants, Alice and Bob. Then, Alice and Bob can encode the secret key by performing unitary operation onto the entangled particles that Cindy sends to them. Finally, the messages can be exchanged by entanglement swapping and the results of Bell state measurement. The security analysis shows that our protocol cannot only solves the problem of information leakage, but also can effectively prevent a variety of well-known attacks. Under the control of Cindy, there are two possible decoding methods for participants to obtain each other's information, improving communication security. In addition, this protocol does not involve complex quantum operations and demonstrates a good physical operational feasibility.