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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters

Rabi frequency as a carrier frequency of radiation

Ashat M. Basharov

Published Jan 1, 2016• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

It has been shown that the resonance interaction of particles with an electromagnetic wave in optically thin ensembles of particles with a permanent dipole moment generates low-frequency (terahertz or subterahertz) radiation with the carrier frequency equal to the frequency of nutation oscillations of the exciting wave.
DOI
10.1134/s0021364016010021

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The paper shows analytically that any resonant interaction of quantum particles in media having no symmetry centre with a high-frequency exciting field produces low-frequency radiation. Media particles may not necessarily have a constant dipole moment. Conditions are identified when carrier frequency of low-frequency radiation coincides with nutational oscillations of resonant level populations and is readily controlled both by high-frequency resonant radiation intensity and by resonance detuning.
Introduction One of the most impressive accomplishments of wave optics is its success in providing a coherent and succinct description of the interactions between electromagnetic waves and matter (gases, solids, etc.). Maxwell's equations, which describe the propagation of light, and the Laplace–Lorentz equations, which describe the source terms of light, allow one to take into account the phenomena of refraction, diffusion, and diffraction of light by dense media. It is amazing – to say the least – that such a theory can account for the complex interactions of an electromagnetic wave with an immense ensemble of atoms (each approximated in terms of individual harmonic oscillators), by means of a simple optical index n op . Such an achievement is reminiscent and, indeed, on par with the level of concision achieved by the concept of effective mass in representing the interaction of a conduction electron with a crystalline lattice. In the description of all these effects, an electromagnetic wave with (angular) frequency ω forces free carriers into oscillatory motion at the same frequency, leading to radiative re-emission at this same frequency. This behaviour is a natural by-product of the linear equations we have employed up until now. In this chapter, we will see that non-linear media (i.e. materials whose response to external excitations contains non-linear terms), may by used to perform frequency conversion as evidenced, for example, by second harmonic light generation or optical parametric oscillations.