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Communications in Theoretical Physics

Tunneling Effect of Atom Through Cavity Fields

Wang xiaoguang, Qi Tingzhu

Published Jul 30, 1997• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Based on the model proposed by B.G. Englert et al., we study the tunneling effect of an atom through one or two cavities while the atom is slow enough. This is purely the quantum, effect of atom. When an atom is in excited state and cavity fields in single number state, the atom will experience a potential well and a potential barrier. The. transmission probability is obtained as the contributions of two parts, one is the transmission probability through the potential well and another the tunneling probability through the potential barrier.

DOI
10.1088/0253-6102/28/1/117

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Based on the model proposed by B.G. Englert et al., we study the tunneling effect of an atom through one or two cavities while the atom is slow enough. This is purely the quantum, effect of atom. When an atom is in excited state and cavity fields in single number state, the atom will experience a potential well and a potential barrier. The. transmission probability is obtained as the contributions of two parts, one is the transmission probability through the potential well and another the tunneling probability through the potential barrier.
The vacuum cavity mode induces a potential barrier and a well when an ultraslow excited atom enters the interaction region so that it can be reflected or transmitted with a certain probability. We demonstrate here that a slow-velocity excited particle tunnels freely through a vacuum electromagnetic field mode filled with $N\ensuremath{-}1$ ground state atoms. The reason for this is the trapping of the moving atom into its upper state due to multiparticle influences and the corresponding decoupling from the interaction with the environment such that the emitter does not ``see'' the induced potentials.
Tunnelling of a two-level atom is investigated in the two-photon mazer when the atom is initially prepared in a coherent superposition state and the cavity in various quantum states. For a strong coherent field, the tunnelling exhibits more regular oscillations but less remarkable switch effect than that in the one-photon mazer. It is discovered that in the presence of atomic coherence, the transmission probabilities in the ultracold regime are significantly different when the cavity field is initially in coherent, squeezed vacuum, even cat and odd cat states, respectively.
Abstract We inspect the tunneling characteristics of ultraslow atoms through the coherent field of a high quality cavity. The potential offered by the cavity is due to multiple barriers and well constituents that dictate propagation of the atoms through the cavity. We examine tunneling time of the traversal corresponding to the maximal constructive/destructive interference by tuning parameters of the injected coherence. It is found that the sub- superclassical character of the tunneling time can be efficiently controlled through the phase of the injected atomic coherence. Further, mazer action (i.e. the scattering like aspect of the interaction) may be obtained for somewhat faster atoms by employing an intense cavity field. For one of the dressed state ( Φ b = b , 0 ), our system offers a free transmission as the incident atoms examine zero potential.
At the turn of the twentieth century, the establishment of quantum theory propelled rapid advancements, particularly in the understanding of quantum tunnelling—a fundamental phenomenon in quantum mechanics crucial for various physical processes. The quantum phenomenon of particle passes through potential barriers is of great importance. In classical physics, when the energy of a particle is less than the height of a double barrier structure, it is impossible for it to pass through. However, quantum mechanics allows a particle to penetrate the barrier and emerge on the other side. This paper explores the quantum tunnelling effect, focusing on the single potential barrier model in one dimension and subsequently extending to the double potential barrier model. The Schrödinger equation provides the foundational framework for elucidating the motion of microscopic particles, emphasizing wave-particle duality inherent in quantum mechanics. The analysis of the single potential barrier model involves solving the Schrödinger equation in different regions, determining wave functions and coefficients through boundary conditions. The transmission coefficient is derived, representing the probability of a particle passing through a barrier. In the case of a “thick” barrier, an approximate form for transmission coefficient is provided, demonstrating the exponential decrease in transmission probability with increasing barrier thickness.
The working principle of a large number of modern scientific equipment has been applied to the quantum tunneling effect. Although the explanations for the relevant principles of this effect are clarified, the calculation process is very complex and difficult to understand. Previous studies combine specific applications without theoretical model references. This study adopts the method of using the time-independent Schrodinger equation to solve the wave function, which is more convenient to obtain the expression of transmission probability. Then, one discusses the relationship between transmission probability and potential barrier width, potential barrier spacing, and incident particle energy. The experimental results show that the transmission probability decreases exponentially from 1 to 0 as the potential barrier width gradually increases. As the potential barrier width increases, the transmission probability exhibits a clear periodic oscillation relationship, the oscillation period remains unchanged, and this paper derives the relationship between the oscillation period and the potential barrier width. As the incident energy of particles gradually increases, the transmission probability exhibits periodic changes, and the minimum value of transmission probability increases with the periodic changes. Based on the analysis, the smaller the potential barrier width, the greater the incident energy, and the more likely quantum tunneling occurs.
This paper focuses on the quantum tunneling effect, which describes how a particle may penetrate barriers or obstructions using the Schrödinger equation. If a particle makes a barrier tunneling, it means that a particle with low energy goes through the barrier whose energy level is much higher. It is a basis or background for the entire theory of this part. The particle transport probability is explained using both single- and multi-barrier system models. The paper studies the relationship between barrier parameters and particle transmission probability for both single- and multiple-barrier system models.The aim of the study is the provision of the theoretical devices and algorithms via a quantum operational efficiency.Particularly, the paper deals with the multipath barrier tunneling effect, and it connects the transmission coefficients with the system parameters. The goal of this article is to come up with the new strategies and procedures that one can use the quantum phenomenon of the tunneling effect in the contemporary physical th applications, cutting the gap between theoretical physics and technology.This will be done by studying and analyzing theoretical processes and mathematics of this phenomenon along with the technological applications it has.