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Journal of Mathematical Physics

Multichannel stationary scattering theory in two-Hilbert space formulation

Eduard Prugovečki

Published Jul 1, 1973• 27 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Two-Hilbert space versions of the basic integral-representation formulas for wave and transition operators are derived within the framework of time-independent scattering theory. Multichannel scattering theory for state vectors as well as for statistical operators is presented in a two-Hilbert space formulation to which these formulas become applicable. This formulation stays valid when long-range interactions, for which renormalized wave operators exist, are present.

DOI
10.1063/1.1666422

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Two-Hilbert space versions of the basic integral-representation formulas for wave and transition operators are derived within the framework of time-independent scattering theory. Multichannel scattering theory for state vectors as well as for statistical operators is presented in a two-Hilbert space formulation to which these formulas become applicable. This formulation stays valid when long-range interactions, for which renormalized wave operators exist, are present.
Derivations are given for some transition and resolvent operator equations for multichannel quantum scattering with short-range potentials. The basic difference between these and previous equations is that the unknown operators act only on the channel subspaces. This is made possible by utilizing, and extending, the two-Hilbert-space formulation previously given by the authors [in J. Math. Phys. 14, 1328 (1973)]. The equations in abstract form are of the Lippmann–Schwinger type, differing only in the appearance of certain injection operators from one Hilbert space to the other. When applied to multichannel quantum scattering, the abstract theory yields a new system of equations for the transition and resolvent operators. Uniqueness of the solution to the equations is proved.
In the present paper we shall be concerned with the stationary theory of scattering associated with the Schrodinger operator with a long-range potential. In quantum theory of scattering, many authors have investigated the existence and completeness of wave operators W = s-lim ee~y where J-»±oo HI and H2 are self-adjoint operators acting on a Hilbert space M. Among them, Kato and Kuroda gave an abstract time-independent approach to scattering theory. They derived a stationary form of the wave operator in the following way:
The mathematically and physically rigorous theory given by Jauch for the multichannel scattering systems is extended. Several integral representations of the Moller operators are obtained which are related to three integration methods: Riemann, Cauchy, and Riemann-Stieltjes integrals of operator valued functions. Three types of integral equations for the ingoing and outgoing waves within Hilbert space are derived. Their validity range is studied. Reasonable conditions on the channel interaction hamiltonians are given in order to justify them. The results apply with a wide class of switching factors. The Lippmann- Schwinger equations appear as formal solutions of the RS-integral equations outside Hilbert space. (auth)
The field theoretical formulation of quantum mechanics is used to consider the nonrelativistic multichannel scat~i~ng theory. With the help of appropriately constructed time dependent creation operators, Hilbert vectors are formed whose limits in time can be defined as multiehanne) scattering states in the usual sense. The existence of these states is proved under certain assumptions for the potential, by showing the convergence of the above mentioned operators. The commutation relations for the limits of these operators are given.
The aim of this thesis is to present a reasonable account of some of the applications that functional analysis, or more specifically operator theory, has in the theory of quantum scattering. We begin by introducing the physical scattering experiment as well as establishing the standard framework for discussing quantum theory, that of a Hilbert space. This leads to a discussion of the properties of operators acting in a Hilbert space and the role played by unbounded selfadjoint operators in quantum physics. We also spend some time discussing the position, momentum and energy operators which are of most relevance here. This in turn leads logically to the problem of formulating the scattering problem mathematically using these operators. The stationary equations of scattering theory are also rigorously derived and their suitability for two-body scattering problems is proven. We show that this analysis does not extend to three-body scattering problems, and introduce the Faddeev formulation for three-body systems to supplement the theory. This thesis concludes with a brief overview of how our scattering equations can be modified to take into account effects such as particle spin and identical particles, before discussing an example of a three-body scattering problem (incorporating these features) and deriving a mathematically satisfactory set of equations which are amenable to numerical solution.