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Atom chips

R. Folman, P. Krüger, Donatella Cassettari, Björn Hessmo, Thomas Maier, Jörg Schmiedmayer

Published Jan 1, 2000• 1 citation
OpenAlex

Abstract

We report on the experimental realisation of traps and guides for neutral atoms on a nanofabricated chip. Our main results are: (a) Trap parameters with a transverse ground state size below 100 nm and frequencies of above 100 kHz (as required by QIP proposals) have been achieved. (b) We could trap and guide atoms exclusively with the fields created on the chip. (c) We have shown that a wide variety of magnetic potentials may be realised, such as quadrupole fields for a MOT, 3D minima for trapping, 2D minima for guiding, and beam splitters. (d) It has been shown that standard nanofabrication techniques and materials may he utilised to build these atom chips. The wires on the surface can stand sufficiently high current densities in vacuum and at room temperature.

Related papers

Atom chips

R. Folman, P. Krüger, Donatella Cassettari +3 more

Summary form only given. We report on the experimental realisation of traps and guides for neutral atoms on a nanofabricated chip. Our main results are: (a) Trap parameters with a transverse ground state size below 100 nm and frequencies of above 100 kHz (as required by QIP proposals) have been achieved. (b) We could trap and guide atoms exclusively with the fields created on the chip. (c) We have shown that a wide variety of magnetic potentials may be realised, such as quadrupole fields for a MOT, 3D minima for trapping, 2D minima for guiding, and beam splitters. (d) It has been shown that standard nanofabrication techniques and materials may he utilised to build these atom chips. The wires on the surface can stand sufficiently high current densities in vacuum and at room temperature.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics•Aug 29, 2005•2 citations

Quantum information processing with atom chips

Jörg Schmiedmayer, R. Folman, Tommaso Calarco

Summary form only given. Neutral-atom manipulation using integrated micro-devices is a new extremely promising experimental approach to QIPC. In devices we call Atom Chips, atoms are trapped or move in microscopic potentials above a surface. The traps, guides, are formed by potentials created using electric, magnetic and light fields which originate in (microscopic) structures built on the surface of the Atom Chip. To execute a QIPC toolbox we plan to implement quantum optics techniques using integrated micro devices fabricated on the Atom Chip. We describe our recent experimental progress towards this goal, demonstrating the realisation of traps and guides for neutral atoms on a nanofabricated chip.

Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference•Jun 25, 2003•0 citations

Nanofabricated atom optics: Atom chips

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Small tight trapping and guiding potentials can be created for neutral atoms moving microns above surfaces patterned with nanofabricated charged and current-carrying structures. Surfaces holding such structures form atom chips which, for coherent matter wave optics, may form the basis for a variety of novel applications and research tools, similar to integrated circuits in electronics. In this paper we describe the basic principles of atom chip experiments.

Journal of Modern Optics•Nov 1, 2000•14 citations

Development, Fabrication and Characterisation of Atom Chips

S. Groth

Atom chips are robust and extremely powerful toolboxes for quantum optical experiments, since they make it possible to create exceedingly precise magnetic traps for neutral atoms with minimal field modulations. Accurate manipulation of trapped atoms is feasible with magnetic and electric fields created on the atom chip. Therefore atom chips with high quality surfaces and extremely well defined wires were build (roughness < 20nm). Furthermore new generations of atom chips were developed, like the multi-layer atom chip with contact-free wire crossings, the sub-micron structured atom chip and the semiconducting atom chip. Extensive characterisation measurements of atom chip wires demonstrated that the wires stand current densities of up to 10^7A/cm^2 for seconds and voltage differences of more than 500V over 10µm. From the different materials tested doped silicon with a thin silicon dioxide layer is the best qualified substrate for atom chip fabrication. The atom chips fabricated during this thesis have been used in many successful experiments, yielding numerous results. Moreover this thesis established the basics for many further experiments in atom physics and quantum optics and delivers complete instructions for the fabrication of all developed atom chips as well as an introduction to the experiments.

•Jan 1, 2006•3 citations

Guiding Neutral Atoms on a Chip

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We demonstrate the guiding of neutral atoms by the magnetic fields due to microfabricated current-carrying wires on a chip. Atoms are guided along a magnetic field minimum parallel to and above the current-carrying wires. Two guide configurations are demonstrated: one using two wires with an external magnetic field, and a second using four wires without an external field. These guide geometries can be extended to integrated atom optics circuits, including beam splitters.

arXiv:physics/9908029•Physical Review Letters•Feb 7, 2000•270 citations

Atom chips for quantum information research

J Schmiedmeyer, R. Folman, Tommaso Calarco

Neutral-atom manipulation using integrated micro-devices is a new promising experimental approach to QIPC. It combines the best of two worlds: The ability to use cold atoms-a well controllable quantum system, and the immense technological capabilities of nano fabrication and microelectronics to manipulate the atoms. We have experimentally realised such traps guides and beam splitters for neutral atoms on a micro-fabricated Atom Chip, and reached the basic trapping requirements set up by QIPC proposals.

Optical Fiber Communication Conference•Jan 1, 2001•0 citations
We report on the experimental realisation of traps and guides for neutral atoms on a nanofabricated chip. Our main results are: (a) Trap parameters with a transverse ground state size below 100 nm and frequencies of above 100 kHz (as required by QIP proposals) have been achieved. (b) We could trap and guide atoms exclusively with the fields created on the chip. (c) We have shown that a wide variety of magnetic potentials may be realised, such as quadrupole fields for a MOT, 3D minima for trapping, 2D minima for guiding, and beam splitters. (d) It has been shown that standard nanofabrication techniques and materials may he utilised to build these atom chips. The wires on the surface can stand sufficiently high current densities in vacuum and at room temperature.
Summary form only given. We report on the experimental realisation of traps and guides for neutral atoms on a nanofabricated chip. Our main results are: (a) Trap parameters with a transverse ground state size below 100 nm and frequencies of above 100 kHz (as required by QIP proposals) have been achieved. (b) We could trap and guide atoms exclusively with the fields created on the chip. (c) We have shown that a wide variety of magnetic potentials may be realised, such as quadrupole fields for a MOT, 3D minima for trapping, 2D minima for guiding, and beam splitters. (d) It has been shown that standard nanofabrication techniques and materials may he utilised to build these atom chips. The wires on the surface can stand sufficiently high current densities in vacuum and at room temperature.
Summary form only given. Neutral-atom manipulation using integrated micro-devices is a new extremely promising experimental approach to QIPC. In devices we call Atom Chips, atoms are trapped or move in microscopic potentials above a surface. The traps, guides, are formed by potentials created using electric, magnetic and light fields which originate in (microscopic) structures built on the surface of the Atom Chip. To execute a QIPC toolbox we plan to implement quantum optics techniques using integrated micro devices fabricated on the Atom Chip. We describe our recent experimental progress towards this goal, demonstrating the realisation of traps and guides for neutral atoms on a nanofabricated chip.
Atom chips are robust and extremely powerful toolboxes for quantum optical experiments, since they make it possible to create exceedingly precise magnetic traps for neutral atoms with minimal field modulations. Accurate manipulation of trapped atoms is feasible with magnetic and electric fields created on the atom chip. Therefore atom chips with high quality surfaces and extremely well defined wires were build (roughness < 20nm). Furthermore new generations of atom chips were developed, like the multi-layer atom chip with contact-free wire crossings, the sub-micron structured atom chip and the semiconducting atom chip. Extensive characterisation measurements of atom chip wires demonstrated that the wires stand current densities of up to 10^7A/cm^2 for seconds and voltage differences of more than 500V over 10µm. From the different materials tested doped silicon with a thin silicon dioxide layer is the best qualified substrate for atom chip fabrication. The atom chips fabricated during this thesis have been used in many successful experiments, yielding numerous results. Moreover this thesis established the basics for many further experiments in atom physics and quantum optics and delivers complete instructions for the fabrication of all developed atom chips as well as an introduction to the experiments.
Neutral-atom manipulation using integrated micro-devices is a new promising experimental approach to QIPC. It combines the best of two worlds: The ability to use cold atoms-a well controllable quantum system, and the immense technological capabilities of nano fabrication and microelectronics to manipulate the atoms. We have experimentally realised such traps guides and beam splitters for neutral atoms on a micro-fabricated Atom Chip, and reached the basic trapping requirements set up by QIPC proposals.