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Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE

Effect of electromagnetically induced transparency delay generated by dynamic coherent population trapping in Rb vapour

Daba A. Radnatarov, Sergey Khripunov, Sergey M Kobtsev, А. В. Тайченачев, Valeriy I. Yudin, M. Yu. Basalaev, Ivan Popkov, Valeriy Andryushkov

Published Mar 7, 2016• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a study of the identified for the first time effect of electromagnetically-induced transparency delay in Rb vapours on the atomic clock transition. The effect consists in the presence of a delay in the time of the maximal total transmission of atomic vapour relative to the moment when a two-photon resonance is reached as the frequency difference between two laser fields (FDLF) deviates around the clock transition frequency. It was found out that the delay is higher for higher frequencies of the FDLF modulation and is accompanied by substantial evolution of the width and shape of the coherent population trapping resonance.

DOI
10.1117/12.2209470

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We present a study of the identified for the first time effect of electromagnetically-induced transparency delay in Rb vapours on the atomic clock transition. The effect consists in the presence of a delay in the time of the maximal total transmission of atomic vapour relative to the moment when a two-photon resonance is reached as the frequency difference between two laser fields (FDLF) deviates around the clock transition frequency. It was found out that the delay is higher for higher frequencies of the FDLF modulation and is accompanied by substantial evolution of the width and shape of the coherent population trapping resonance.
We report on an investigation of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in sodium vapour. In our experiment, sodium atoms are excited on the D1-line with laser radiation containing two components with a frequency difference close to that of the two hyperfine ground states of sodium (1.772 GHz). Such an excitation leads to coherent trapping of atomic population in “dark” superpositional states, which dramatically reduces the absorption of light. A frequency transparency window is measured to have a subnatural width, which is a clear indication of coherent population trapping. Dependence of EIT on laser frequencies and intensities, on the magnetic field strength as well as on the temperature of the sodium vapour is studied.
We study both theoretically and experimentally three-photon electromagnetically induced transparency and electromagnetically induced absorption resonances in inhomogeneously broadened 85 Rb atomic vapour driven by probe and drive laser radiations. We observe narrow Doppler-free absorption as well as transmission resonances for the probe field when the driving laser field is redshifted from the D1 or D2 lines of 85Rb; the frequency difference between the drive and probe fields is equal to the hyperfine splitting of the ground state of the atoms, and the probe field is tuned to the centre of the Doppler broadened atomic transition. We theoretically study the spectroscopic effect in both homogeneously and inhomogeneously broadened media. Our numerical simulations are in good agreement with the experimental results.
We experimentally investigated the characteristics of two-photon transmission resonances in Rb vapor cells with different amounts of buffer gas under the conditions of steady-state coherent population trapping (CPT) and a pulsed Raman–Ramsey (RR) CPT interrogation scheme. We particularly focused on the influence of the Rb atoms diffusing in and out of the laser beam. We showed that this effect modifies the shape of both CPT and RR resonances as well as their projected performance for CPT clock applications. In particular we found that at moderate buffer gas pressures RR-CPT did not improve the projected atomic clock stability compared to the regular steady-state CPT resonance.
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We discuss the use of electromagnetically modified absorption to achieve selective excitation in atoms: that is, the laser excitation of one transition while avoiding simultaneously exciting another transition whose frequency is the same as or close to that of the first. The selectivity which can be achieved in the presence of coherent population trapping (CPT) is limited by the decoherence rate of the dark state. We present exact analytical expressions for this effect, and also physical models and approximate expressions which give useful insights into the phenomena. When the laser frequencies are near-resonant with the single-photon atomic transitions, CPT is essential for achieving discrimination. When the laser frequencies are far detuned, the ``bright'' two-photon Raman resonance is important for achieving selective excitation, while the ``dark'' resonance (CPT) need not be. The application to laser cooling of a trapped atom is also discussed.