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Chinese Physics Letters

Fluorescence and Four-Wave Mixing in Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Windows

Zhiguo Wang, Cheng Li, Zhaoyang Zhang, Junling Che, Mengzhe Qin, Jianan He, Yanpeng Zhang

Published Feb 1, 2013• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We simultaneously compare the probe transmission, Four-Wave Mixing (FWM) and fluorescence signals with dressing effects in a four-level atomic system. The variation rules of three types of signals are exhibited by changing the frequency detuning and power of incident laser beams. The interplay between two ladder subsystems is investigated in the Y-type atomic system. In particular, the fluorescence signal with ultra-narrow linewidth is obtained due to being sheared twice by the electromagnetically induced transparency window. Such fluorescence with very high coherence and monochromaticity can be used for the quantum correlation and narrow linewidth laser.

DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/30/2/024203

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We simultaneously compare the probe transmission, Four-Wave Mixing (FWM) and fluorescence signals with dressing effects in a four-level atomic system. The variation rules of three types of signals are exhibited by changing the frequency detuning and power of incident laser beams. The interplay between two ladder subsystems is investigated in the Y-type atomic system. In particular, the fluorescence signal with ultra-narrow linewidth is obtained due to being sheared twice by the electromagnetically induced transparency window. Such fluorescence with very high coherence and monochromaticity can be used for the quantum correlation and narrow linewidth laser.
We simultaneously observe the probe transmission, four-wave mixing (FWM) and fluorescence signals under dressing effects in a four-level -type atomic system for the first time. The physical mechanisms of three types of signals are explored by changing the frequency detuning and power of incident laser beams. Especially, the ultranarrow fluorescence signals have been experimentally obtained due to twice shearing by electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) window, which are much narrower than the Doppler-free EIT window. Such ultranarrow fluorescence signals with very high coherence and monochromaticity have potential applications in the quantum correlation and narrow linewidth laser. Studying the FWM processes can find applications in optical switch and optical communication.
We experimentally compare the probe transmission, four-wave mixing (FWM) and fluorescence signals under dressing effects for the first time. Especially, the interplay between two ladder subsystems is investigated in the Y -type atomic system. Moreover, the two-photon fluorescence signal with ultra-narrow linewidth is obtained, which is much narrower than the Doppler-free electromagnetically induced transparency window. Such fluorescence with very high coherence and monochromaticity can be potentially applied in metrology and quantum correlation.
We mainly investigate four generated four-wave-mixing (FWM) signals, and second- and fourth-order fluorescence (FL) signals, simultaneously in a cascade three-level atomic system of sodium, in which dual electromagnetically induced transparency windows are used to enable transparency of the generated FWM signals. The moving and immobile two-photon dressing effects on the FWM and multi-order FL signals as well as the interaction of dressing effects are studied. Furthermore, we investigate the spontaneous parametric FWM signal and spatial images of the transmitted probe signal modulated by the cross-Kerr nonlinearities effect of the dressing field both experimentally and theoretically. The study may find applications in all-optical communication.
We investigate the interaction between dark states and Rydberg excitation blockade by using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), fluorescence, and four-wave mixing (FWM) signals both theoretically and experimentally. By scanning the frequency detunings of the probe and dressing fields, respectively, we first observe these signals (three coexisting EIT windows, two fluorescence signals, and two FWM signals) under Rydberg excitation blockade. Next, frequency detuning dependences of these signals are obtained, in which the modulated results are well explained by introducing the dressing effects (leading to the dark states) with the corrected factor of the Rydberg excitation blockade. In addition, the variations by changing the principal quantum number n of Rydberg state shown some interesting phenomena resulting from Rydberg blockade are observed. The unique nature of such blockaded signals can have potential application in the demonstration of quantum computing.
We experimentally report that electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in the nonlinear propagation of probe beam, four-wave mixing (FWM) images and in a cascade three-level atomic systems. It is shown that by changing the frequency between pumping fields or dressing fields, respectively, the properties of the measured signals including the intensity and spatial images are affected greatly, including the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), Aulter-Townes splitting. By changing the laser frequency we can control the four wave signal, Moreover, the AT splitting effect due to spontaneous emission was also observed under EIT conditions..
Two four-wave-mixing (FWM) processes can coexist in a four-level Y-type atomic system with carefully arranged coupling laser beams. The generated two FWM signal beams fall into two simultaneously opened dual electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) windows, which can be tuned to overlap or separate by various frequency detunings. The authors report our experimental observation of competing FWM processes, especially mutual suppression of the two FWM signals when the two EIT windows merge in frequency. Controlling FWM processes can have important applications in wavelength conversion for optical communication.