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Optics Express

Electromagnetically induced holographic imaging in hybrid artificial molecule

Tianhui Qiu

Published Sep 10, 2015• 24 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose two schemes of holographic imaging with an object that has no any macro structure itself. The tunable electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) is such a kind of object. We obtain an EIG based on the periodically modulated strong susceptibility in a three-level ladder-type hybrid artificial molecule, which is comprised of a semiconductor quantum dot and a metal nanoparticle coupled via the Coulomb interaction. The holographic interference pattern is detected either directly in the way of classical holographic imaging with a coherent field being the imaging light, or indirectly and nonlocally in the way of two-photon coincidence measurement with a pair of entangled photons playing the role of imaging light. This work provides a practical prototype of electromagnetically induced transparency-based holographic solid-state devices for all-optical classical and quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1364/oe.23.024537

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We propose two schemes of holographic imaging with an object that has no any macro structure itself. The tunable electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) is such a kind of object. We obtain an EIG based on the periodically modulated strong susceptibility in a three-level ladder-type hybrid artificial molecule, which is comprised of a semiconductor quantum dot and a metal nanoparticle coupled via the Coulomb interaction. The holographic interference pattern is detected either directly in the way of classical holographic imaging with a coherent field being the imaging light, or indirectly and nonlocally in the way of two-photon coincidence measurement with a pair of entangled photons playing the role of imaging light. This work provides a practical prototype of electromagnetically induced transparency-based holographic solid-state devices for all-optical classical and quantum information processing.
Photoinduced diffraction grating is theoretically investigated in a three-level ladder-type hybrid artificial molecule comprised of a semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) and a metal nanoparticle (MNP). The SQD and the MNP are coupled via the Coulomb interaction. The probe absorption vanishes under the action of a strong coupling field, indicating an effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Based on this EIT effect, diffraction grating is achievable when a standing-wave coupling field is applied. It turns out that the efficiency of diffraction grating is greatly improved due to the existence of the MNP. Furthermore, the diffraction efficiency can be controlled by tuning the interaction strength between the SQD and the MNP. Nearly pure phase grating is obtained, showing high transmissivity and high diffraction efficiency up to 33%.
By utilizing giant Kerr nonlinearity obtained by electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), tunable volume transmission holographic gratings for a weak probe field can be generated by means of a standing-wave signal field at low light levels in a four-level NNN-type ultracold atomic ensemble. The induced grating can be characterized as a mixed volume holographic grating with a strong phase modulation accompanied by a weak amplitude modulation. Based on Kogelnik's coupled-wave theory in optical holography, we find that high diffraction efficiency (up to 8585%85) and sensitive angular selectivity (up to $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.000149$ rad) can be achieved for the induced grating in the Bragg diffraction regime. And, both of them can be dynamically controlled by tuning the weak standing-wave signal field and the coupling field. Our study not only develops a fundamental understanding of volume diffraction effects in EIT media, but also provides a practical prototype of EIT-based holographic devices for all-optical classical and quantum information processing.
Abstract In this work, we theoretically study a novel strategy for electromagnetically induced gratings in a complex hybrid system consisting of semiconductor quantum dots (SQDs) and metallic nanoparticles (MNPs). The plasmonic resonances of MNPs and the quantum coherence of SQDs enable the generation of unique optical phenomena such as electromagnetically induced transparency via interactions with light. Through surface plasmon interactions and quantum dot interdot tunneling, the modification of light diffraction efficiency into higher orders is achievable. Doppler broadening and nonlocality are included in the model to offer a more realistic picture of the system’s behavior in real-world scenarios. Our proposed model shows significant promise for applications in sensing technologies and nanophotonics, where it has the potential to enhance sensitivity and improve the performance of optical devices.
The optical polarization from a hybrid system including a closely spaced spherical SQD (modeled as a three-level V-type system) and a metal nanoparticle which are considered classically and are connected by the dipole–dipole interaction mechanism is investigated. The interaction between the SQD and the MNP shows an interesting optical response. In the weak probe field regime and MNP nonlocality correction, the absorption spectrum of the hybrid system exhibits an EIT window with two absorption peaks and the plasmon-assisted quantum interference plays an important role in the position and amplitude of these peaks, which are intensely altered by including the nonlocal effects. The probe diffraction grating is created based on the excitons-induced transparency by applying a standing-wave coupling field. The results of this study are useful in numerous areas of all-optical communications.
A strong coupling standing wave, interacting with three-level \ensuremath{\Lambda}-type (or ladder-type) atoms, can diffract a weak probe field (propagating along a direction normal to the standing wave) into high-order diffractions, a phenomenon which we name electromagnetically induced grating (EIG). We develop in this work a theory for studying EIG in a homogeneously broadened medium consisting of three-level \ensuremath{\Lambda}-type atoms. We show that by taking advantage of the absorption and dispersion properties of electromagnetically induced transparency one can create an atomic grating that can effectively diffract light into the first-order direction.
Electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) is extensively investigated as an artificial periodic structure in recent years owed to its simple reconfiguration and flexible adjustability. We report the experimental observation of EIG in cold rubidium atoms. The coupling and probe lasers are corresponding to the 5S1/2−5P1/2 and 5S1/2−5P3/2 transitions of a V-type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) configuration, respectively. A clear spatial intensity distribution of the probe laser with distinguished third-order diffraction pattern is recorded to character the EIG. The influence of the pertinent experimental parameters, such as coupling laser intensity and two-photon detuning on the diffraction pattern is investigated in detail. This is the first observation in visual form of the EIG in cold rubidium atoms. These results may potentially provide a nondestructive method to image cold atoms and pave the way for investigating non-Hermitian physics and the control of light dynamics.