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Journal of Optics

A theoretical study of quantum coherence and plasmon-enhanced diffraction in practical hybrid systems including semiconductor quantum dots and metallic nanoparticles

Zeynab Maleki, Tayebeh Naseri

Published Sep 4, 2024• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract In this work, we theoretically study a novel strategy for electromagnetically induced gratings in a complex hybrid system consisting of semiconductor quantum dots (SQDs) and metallic nanoparticles (MNPs). The plasmonic resonances of MNPs and the quantum coherence of SQDs enable the generation of unique optical phenomena such as electromagnetically induced transparency via interactions with light. Through surface plasmon interactions and quantum dot interdot tunneling, the modification of light diffraction efficiency into higher orders is achievable. Doppler broadening and nonlocality are included in the model to offer a more realistic picture of the system’s behavior in real-world scenarios. Our proposed model shows significant promise for applications in sensing technologies and nanophotonics, where it has the potential to enhance sensitivity and improve the performance of optical devices.

DOI
10.1088/2040-8986/ad7740

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Abstract In this work, we theoretically study a novel strategy for electromagnetically induced gratings in a complex hybrid system consisting of semiconductor quantum dots (SQDs) and metallic nanoparticles (MNPs). The plasmonic resonances of MNPs and the quantum coherence of SQDs enable the generation of unique optical phenomena such as electromagnetically induced transparency via interactions with light. Through surface plasmon interactions and quantum dot interdot tunneling, the modification of light diffraction efficiency into higher orders is achievable. Doppler broadening and nonlocality are included in the model to offer a more realistic picture of the system’s behavior in real-world scenarios. Our proposed model shows significant promise for applications in sensing technologies and nanophotonics, where it has the potential to enhance sensitivity and improve the performance of optical devices.
The emergence of hybrid nanostructures has paved a novel path for the development of nanotechnology and next-generation quantum devices.In this study, we report a remarkable enhancement of nonlinear diffraction achieved within a hybrid artificial molecule consisting of a semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) and a metal nanoparticle (MNP).Our findings reveal that the optical nonlinear properties of the hybrid system can be substantially enhanced due to the plasmon resonance of MNP.Specifically, reducing the interparticle distance and the SQD's size while increasing the MNP's size leads to a significant enhancement in the nonlinear phase modulation of the hybrid system.Meanwhile, the absorption spectra exhibit a redshift accompanied by linewidth broadening under the SQD-MNP coupling interaction controlled by geometric parameters, indicating plasmon-exciton energy transfer.On this basis, it is validated that the enhanced nonlinear phase modulation greatly improves the self-imaging visibility and the signal-to-noise ratio, and extends the near-field pattern over more Talbot lengths.We also demonstrate that the far-field diffraction efficiency is tunable via the coupling interaction between the artificial molecule and external fields, which is determined by the geometric structure, photon detuning, and Rabi frequency.For instance, the first-order diffraction efficiency can be increased from 39.58% to 55% if the geometric parameters of the hybrid system satisfy the threshold in non-resonance conditions.Such plasmon-enhanced optical lattices show potential for applications in all-optical modulators and all-optical switches operating at few-photon levels, and may also afford a novel perspective for the design and development of nanophotonics circuits and topological photonic devices.
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We study optical effects in a hybrid system composed of a semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) and a spherical metal nanoparticle (MNP) that interacts with a weak probe and a strong pump electromagnetic field. We use modified nonlinear density matrix equations for the description of the optical properties of the system and calculate, numerically, the first-order susceptibilities of the SQD, the MNP, and the total hybrid nanostructure of the probe field in the presence of the pump field. We investigate the dependence of the probe absorption and dispersion spectra of the SQD, the MNP, and the total nanostructure on the interparticle distance and the detuning of the pump field, and stress the influence of the MNP contribution to the total optical response. The results we find are explained according to the theory of two distinct metastates, which constitute conjugations of the SQD excitonic and the MNP plasmonic excitations. We also show that the optical response strongly depends on the actual values of the SQD material parameters.
The interaction of excitons with localized surface plasmons in hybrid nanostructures containing semiconductor quantum dots and metal nanoparticles, under specific conditions, may generate products with collective optical properties that have an abundance of potential applications in the area of nanotechnology. In the present study, we explore the behavior of the linear absorption and dispersion properties of the double-semiconductor quantum dot molecule in the presence of a spherical metal nanoparticle. We find that a transparency window arises in the absorption spectrum, the width of which decreases with the decrease in the electron tunnelling rate. In the low-electron-tunnelling regime, slow light is generated, an effect closely associated with tunneling-induced transparency. The enhancement of the tunneling rate induces a broadening in the transparency window, occurring due to the Autler–Townes splitting. The investigation of the impact of the distance between the quantum dot and the metal nanoparticle on the slowdown factor and the width of the transparency window shows that, by transposing the metal nanoparticle closer to the double-semiconductor quantum dot molecule, the transparency window widens.