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Optics Express

Photoinduced diffraction grating in hybrid artificial molecule

Zhihong Xiao, Zheng Li, Hongzhen Lin

Published Jan 5, 2012• 49 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Photoinduced diffraction grating is theoretically investigated in a three-level ladder-type hybrid artificial molecule comprised of a semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) and a metal nanoparticle (MNP). The SQD and the MNP are coupled via the Coulomb interaction. The probe absorption vanishes under the action of a strong coupling field, indicating an effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Based on this EIT effect, diffraction grating is achievable when a standing-wave coupling field is applied. It turns out that the efficiency of diffraction grating is greatly improved due to the existence of the MNP. Furthermore, the diffraction efficiency can be controlled by tuning the interaction strength between the SQD and the MNP. Nearly pure phase grating is obtained, showing high transmissivity and high diffraction efficiency up to 33%.

DOI
10.1364/oe.20.001219

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Photoinduced diffraction grating is theoretically investigated in a three-level ladder-type hybrid artificial molecule comprised of a semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) and a metal nanoparticle (MNP). The SQD and the MNP are coupled via the Coulomb interaction. The probe absorption vanishes under the action of a strong coupling field, indicating an effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Based on this EIT effect, diffraction grating is achievable when a standing-wave coupling field is applied. It turns out that the efficiency of diffraction grating is greatly improved due to the existence of the MNP. Furthermore, the diffraction efficiency can be controlled by tuning the interaction strength between the SQD and the MNP. Nearly pure phase grating is obtained, showing high transmissivity and high diffraction efficiency up to 33%.
The emergence of hybrid nanostructures has paved a novel path for the development of nanotechnology and next-generation quantum devices.In this study, we report a remarkable enhancement of nonlinear diffraction achieved within a hybrid artificial molecule consisting of a semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) and a metal nanoparticle (MNP).Our findings reveal that the optical nonlinear properties of the hybrid system can be substantially enhanced due to the plasmon resonance of MNP.Specifically, reducing the interparticle distance and the SQD's size while increasing the MNP's size leads to a significant enhancement in the nonlinear phase modulation of the hybrid system.Meanwhile, the absorption spectra exhibit a redshift accompanied by linewidth broadening under the SQD-MNP coupling interaction controlled by geometric parameters, indicating plasmon-exciton energy transfer.On this basis, it is validated that the enhanced nonlinear phase modulation greatly improves the self-imaging visibility and the signal-to-noise ratio, and extends the near-field pattern over more Talbot lengths.We also demonstrate that the far-field diffraction efficiency is tunable via the coupling interaction between the artificial molecule and external fields, which is determined by the geometric structure, photon detuning, and Rabi frequency.For instance, the first-order diffraction efficiency can be increased from 39.58% to 55% if the geometric parameters of the hybrid system satisfy the threshold in non-resonance conditions.Such plasmon-enhanced optical lattices show potential for applications in all-optical modulators and all-optical switches operating at few-photon levels, and may also afford a novel perspective for the design and development of nanophotonics circuits and topological photonic devices.
The optical polarization from a hybrid system including a closely spaced spherical SQD (modeled as a three-level V-type system) and a metal nanoparticle which are considered classically and are connected by the dipole–dipole interaction mechanism is investigated. The interaction between the SQD and the MNP shows an interesting optical response. In the weak probe field regime and MNP nonlocality correction, the absorption spectrum of the hybrid system exhibits an EIT window with two absorption peaks and the plasmon-assisted quantum interference plays an important role in the position and amplitude of these peaks, which are intensely altered by including the nonlocal effects. The probe diffraction grating is created based on the excitons-induced transparency by applying a standing-wave coupling field. The results of this study are useful in numerous areas of all-optical communications.
Abstract In this work, we theoretically study a novel strategy for electromagnetically induced gratings in a complex hybrid system consisting of semiconductor quantum dots (SQDs) and metallic nanoparticles (MNPs). The plasmonic resonances of MNPs and the quantum coherence of SQDs enable the generation of unique optical phenomena such as electromagnetically induced transparency via interactions with light. Through surface plasmon interactions and quantum dot interdot tunneling, the modification of light diffraction efficiency into higher orders is achievable. Doppler broadening and nonlocality are included in the model to offer a more realistic picture of the system’s behavior in real-world scenarios. Our proposed model shows significant promise for applications in sensing technologies and nanophotonics, where it has the potential to enhance sensitivity and improve the performance of optical devices.
The group velocity of light is investigated in a hybrid nanostructure comprised of semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) and metal nanoparticle (MNP). In the presence of MNP, the hybrid absorption of the system can be eliminated and forms a broad transparency window even though related dipole transition is not forbidden. Owing to the presence of MNP, there is the formation of the steep dispersion at the transparency regime, thus, the controllable group velocity of light can be implemented. The group velocity of light is changed from subluminal to superluminal via adjusting the inter-particle distance between SQD and MNP.
We propose two schemes of holographic imaging with an object that has no any macro structure itself. The tunable electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) is such a kind of object. We obtain an EIG based on the periodically modulated strong susceptibility in a three-level ladder-type hybrid artificial molecule, which is comprised of a semiconductor quantum dot and a metal nanoparticle coupled via the Coulomb interaction. The holographic interference pattern is detected either directly in the way of classical holographic imaging with a coherent field being the imaging light, or indirectly and nonlocally in the way of two-photon coincidence measurement with a pair of entangled photons playing the role of imaging light. This work provides a practical prototype of electromagnetically induced transparency-based holographic solid-state devices for all-optical classical and quantum information processing.
In the present work, we investigate the modified nonlinear pump-probe optical properties due to the excitonic–plasmonic interaction of a double semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) molecule coupled to a metal nanoparticle (MNP). More specifically, we study the absorption and the dispersion spectra of a weak electromagnetic field in a hybrid structure with two counterparts, a molecule of two coupled SQDs, and a spherical MNP driven by a field of high intensity. We solve the relevant density matrix equations, calculate the first-order optical susceptibility of the probe field in the strong pumping regime, and investigate the way in which the distance between the two counterparts modifies the optical response, for a variety of values of the physical constants of the system, including the pump-field detuning, the tunnelling rate, and the energy separation gap associated with the excited states of the coupled SQDs.