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Journal of Nanophotonics

Entangled photon generation using a fiber optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer incorporating the nonlinear effect in a fiber ring resonator

Preecha P. Yupapin, Suebtarkul Suchat

Published Jan 1, 2007• 35 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A new system for entangled photon-pair generation using an all-fiber optic scheme consists of a fiber optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) incorporating a fiber optic ring resonator. The Kerr nonlinearity effect in the fiber ring resonator is exploited for the generation of two independent squeezed beams. The advantage of such a system is that it requires a simple arrangement without any optical pumping parts or bulky optical components. Polarized light pulse trains are launched randomly into a MZI, and one part of the light is delayed in the longer path. The output pulses from both arms of the MZI enter a fiber optic ring resonator. A polarization controller controls the polarization states of the light pulses while they circulate in the ring resonator. The superposition of the nonlinear light pulses in a fiber optic ring resonator randomly occur. These forms are seen on an avalanche photodetector. The results are in good agreement with previous work.

DOI
10.1117/1.2516897

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Optics Express•May 3, 2024•1 citation
A new system for entangled photon-pair generation using an all-fiber optic scheme consists of a fiber optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) incorporating a fiber optic ring resonator. The Kerr nonlinearity effect in the fiber ring resonator is exploited for the generation of two independent squeezed beams. The advantage of such a system is that it requires a simple arrangement without any optical pumping parts or bulky optical components. Polarized light pulse trains are launched randomly into a MZI, and one part of the light is delayed in the longer path. The output pulses from both arms of the MZI enter a fiber optic ring resonator. A polarization controller controls the polarization states of the light pulses while they circulate in the ring resonator. The superposition of the nonlinear light pulses in a fiber optic ring resonator randomly occur. These forms are seen on an avalanche photodetector. The results are in good agreement with previous work.
A new technique of an entangled photon pair generation using an all fiber optic scheme is presented. The proposed system is consisted of a fiber optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) incorporating with a fiber optic ring resonator. The Kerr nonlinearity effect in the fiber ring resonator is exploited for the generation of two independent squeezed beams. The advantage of such a system is that it requires a simple arrangement without any optical pumping part and bulky optical components. Polarized light pulse trains are launched randomly into a MZI which one part of them is delayed in the longer path. The output pulses from both arms of the MZI are entered into a nonlinear fiber optic ring resonator. Where the superpositions of light pulses in a nonlinear fiber optics ring resonator are randomly occurred which is formed the entangled photon pairs. A polarization controller controls polarization states of light pulses while circulating in the ring resonator. The entangled photons are seen on the avalanche photo-detector, which is shown in good agreement with the previous works.
A new scheme of the entangled photon states re-generation the dynamic simulation of light traveling in nonlinear fiber optic ring resonator incorporating an erbium-doped fiber (EDF) has been investigated. We have shown that the weak entangled photon states can be recovered after circulating in the amplified fiber optic medium. The output entangled photon states can be re-generated by adjusting the polarization controller of the amplified photons, where the re-generated entangled states can be controlled and performed. The ring-cavity lifetime is much longer than the Kerr-effect response time of the fiber ring. The results obtained have shown that this system can be used to achieve the recovered polarization entangled states with the obtained high gain. The amplifying noise has also been detected and seen on the spectrum output. This is affected to the entangled photon visibility, which is discussed.
Summary form only given. Several schemes to generate squeezed light by use of the Kerr nonlinearity in optical fibers have been devised. The most recent experiments used asymmetric Sagnac loops to produce amplitude squeezing. In our experiment the Sagnac geometry is "unfolded" into a Mach-Zehnder, wherein the two arms of the interferometer correspond to the polarization modes of a single-mode PM fiber. This setup allows us to switch from an asymmetric to a symmetric interferometer, and gives us full control of the phase and amplitude of the two interfering pulses. With these degrees of freedom, we are able to maximize noise reduction and perform a full measurement of the noise properties of the soliton squeezed pulses.
Optical nonlinear processes in linearly uncoupled resonators are being actively studied as a convenient way to engineer and control the generation of non-classical light. In these structures, one can take advantage of the independent combs of resonances of two linearly uncoupled ring resonators for field enhancement, with the phase-matching condition being significantly relaxed compared to a single resonator. However, previous implementations of this approach have shown a limited operational bandwidth along with a significant reduction of the generation efficiency. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that a Mach–Zehnder interferometer can be used to effectively linearly uncouple two resonators and, at the same time, allows for their efficient nonlinear coupling. We demonstrate that this structure can lead to an unprecedented control over the rings' interaction and can operate over more than 160 nm, covering the S-, C-, and L-telecom bands. In addition, we show that the photon pair generation efficiency is increased by a factor of four with respect to previous implementations.
Photons source generated by light pulses tapping in a fiber optic rinvg resonator is presented. Light pulses from OTDR were launched into a single mode fiber optic, which was a form of a ring resonator. All fiber optic components were connected and used to realize the practical in quantum information via fiber optic. Light pulses were trapped in the ring resonator in a period of time, i.e. memor time, before the S/N ratio of the detected signal was not valid. Results obtained have shown that number of pulse/phton trains obtained depend on a fiber optic ring resonator length, input pulse width and gain. In applications, the signal amplifier using inline connection with fiber laser could be used to amaintain the required S/N. The attenuation part could be employed into the system to produce a single photon pulse during the circulation in fiber optic ring resonator. The photon visibility in term of polarization extinction ratio of 10 dB is noted.
Optical-fiber-based polarization scramblers can reduce the impact of polarization sensitive performance of various optical fiber systems. Here, we propose a simple and efficient polarization scrambler based on an all-optical Mach-Zehnder structure by combining a polarization beam splitter and an amplified fiber ring. To totally decoherence one polarization split beam, a fiber ring together with an amplifier is incorporated. The ratio of two orthogonal beams can be controlled by varying the amplification factor, and we observe different evolution trajectories of the output state of polarizations on the Poincaré sphere. When the amplification factor exceeds a certain threshold, the scrambler system exhibits nearly ideal polarization scrambling behavior. A commercial single wavelength laser with a linewidth of 3 MHz is utilized to characterize the scrambling performance. We found that when the sampling rate is 1.6 MSa/s, a scrambling speed up to 2000krad/s can be obtained for the average degree of polarization being less than 0.1. We also exploit these random polarization fluctuations to generate random binary numbers, indicating that the proposed technique is a good candidate for a random bit generator.