Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Mechanisms of holographic recording in rubidium vapor close to resonance

N. Korneev, Olena Benavides

Published Oct 27, 2008• 13 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We investigate the nonlinear refraction and absorption related to holographic writing in rubidium vapor at resonance with 87Rb D2 transition. The numerical model based on time-dependent density matrix formalism is used. The theory adequately describes nonlinear optical rotation and absorption at light intensities in the 0.1-30 mW/cm2 range. The basic configurations for obtaining amplitude and phase gratings for nearly equal frequencies of writing beams are investigated experimentally, and the writing time is estimated.

DOI
10.1364/josab.25.001899

Related papers

Dynamic holography recording in rubidium vapor

Olena Benavides

We investigate the nonlinear refraction and absorption related to holographic\nwriting in rubidium vapor at resonance with 87Rb D2 transition. The numerical\nmodel based on time-dependent density matrix formalism is used. The\ntheory adequately describes nonlinear optical rotation and absorption at light\nintensities in 0.1− 30mW / cm2 range.\nWe discuss two principal mechanisms. The first is based on absorption grating\nwriting and another grating formation mechanism based on Faraday rotation. It is\npromising for applications because it gives phase holograms with higher diffraction\nefficiency. The theory for both cases was developed.\nThe basic configurations for obtaining amplitude and phase gratings for nearly\nequal frequencies of writing beams are investigated experimentally, and the writing\ntime is estimated.\nWe also proposed a rapid solution algorithm for the calculation of the full density\nmatrix evolution for a multi-level atom. The calculation principle is similar to the\nsplit-step algorithm widely used for modeling the nonlinear propagation in media\nwith Kerr-type nonlinearity. The spectrum of nonlinear Faraday rotation in the D2\nnatural rubidium line is calculated and compared with the experiment. Good\nagreement is obtained.

•Sep 1, 2009•0 citations

Resonant nonlinearity enhancement in rubidium vapor with additional optical pumping

N. Korneev, Y.M. Torres, Chrystian Gutiérrez Parra +1 more

We investigate the enhancement of characteristic nonlinear phase shift in warm rubidium vapor for a signal beam using an additional pump laser at different frequency. A numerical model based on density matrix formalism is used. Experimental results of self-rotation and diffraction in a three-wave mixing process as well as beam amplification are shown. For 87Rb transition D2 line with Fg = 1, the nonlinearity to absorption ratio can be enhanced approximately two times with a pump beam tuned at Fg = 2 transition in a co-propagating scheme, which produces strong nonlinear interaction for Fg = 1 line at signal beam powers of ~10 mW.

Journal of Modern Optics•May 14, 2014•0 citations

Vectorial mechanism of nonlinearity enhancement in rubidium vapor

N. Korneev, Chrystian Gutiérrez Parra

We report the calculations of vectorial nonlinear properties of rubidium vapor for 87Rb D2 transition at moderate intensities. Different from Kerr nonlinearity, optimal intensity exists here, which depends on beam geometry. For intensities close to the optimal, the vectorial mechanism is much more efficient than a scalar one.

Acta Universitaria•Dec 6, 2013•0 citations

Nonlinear Magneto-Optical Rotation in Rubidium Vapor Excited with Blue Light

Szymon Pustelny, Laima Busaite, A. M. Akulshin +3 more

We present experimental and numerical studies of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) in rubidium vapor excited with resonant light tuned to the $5^2\!S_{1/2}\rightarrow 6^2\!P_{1/2}$ absorption line (421~nm). Contrary to the experiments performed to date on the strong $D_1$ or $D_2$ lines, in this case, the spontaneous decay of the excited state $6^2\!P_{1/2}$ may occur via multiple intermediate states, affecting the dynamics, magnitude and other characteristics of NMOR. Comparing the experimental results with the results of modelling based on Auzinsh et al., Phys. Rev. A 80, 1 (2009), we demonstrate that despite the complexity of the structure, NMOR can be adequately described with a model, where only a single excited-state relaxation rate is used.

arXiv:1506.09171•Jun 30, 2015•1 citation

Nonlinear absorption and refraction in near-detuned rubidium vapor

Colin F. McCormick, Daniel R. Solli, R. Y. Chiao +1 more

Using the z-scan technique, we have measured the self-induced absorptive and refractive nonlinear behavior of hot atomic rubidium vapor within the Doppler profile of the D2 line. We observe large nonlinear amplitude and phase effects with only tens of microwatts of incident power. Our results are in good agreement with numerical calculations based on an analytic model of a Doppler-broadened two-level system.

arXiv:physics/0309017•Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Dec 1, 2003•18 citations

Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation in rubidium vapor excited with blue light

Szymon Pustelny, Laima Busaite, Marcis P. Auzinsh +3 more

We present experimental and numerical studies of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) in rubidium vapor excited with resonant light tuned to the $5{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2}$ absorption line (421 nm). Contrary to the experiments performed to date on the strong ${D}_{1}$ or ${D}_{2}$ lines, in this case, the spontaneous decay of the excited state $6{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2}$ may occur via multiple intermediate states, affecting the dynamics, magnitude, and other characteristics of NMOR. Comparing the experimental results with the results of modeling based on Auzinsh et al. [Phys. Rev. A 80, 053406 (2009)], we demonstrate that despite the complexity of the structure, NMOR can be adequately described with a model, where only a single excited-state relaxation rate is used.

Physical Review A•Nov 9, 2015•15 citations
We investigate the nonlinear refraction and absorption related to holographic writing in rubidium vapor at resonance with 87Rb D2 transition. The numerical model based on time-dependent density matrix formalism is used. The theory adequately describes nonlinear optical rotation and absorption at light intensities in the 0.1-30 mW/cm2 range. The basic configurations for obtaining amplitude and phase gratings for nearly equal frequencies of writing beams are investigated experimentally, and the writing time is estimated.
We investigate the nonlinear refraction and absorption related to holographic\nwriting in rubidium vapor at resonance with 87Rb D2 transition. The numerical\nmodel based on time-dependent density matrix formalism is used. The\ntheory adequately describes nonlinear optical rotation and absorption at light\nintensities in 0.1− 30mW / cm2 range.\nWe discuss two principal mechanisms. The first is based on absorption grating\nwriting and another grating formation mechanism based on Faraday rotation. It is\npromising for applications because it gives phase holograms with higher diffraction\nefficiency. The theory for both cases was developed.\nThe basic configurations for obtaining amplitude and phase gratings for nearly\nequal frequencies of writing beams are investigated experimentally, and the writing\ntime is estimated.\nWe also proposed a rapid solution algorithm for the calculation of the full density\nmatrix evolution for a multi-level atom. The calculation principle is similar to the\nsplit-step algorithm widely used for modeling the nonlinear propagation in media\nwith Kerr-type nonlinearity. The spectrum of nonlinear Faraday rotation in the D2\nnatural rubidium line is calculated and compared with the experiment. Good\nagreement is obtained.
We investigate the enhancement of characteristic nonlinear phase shift in warm rubidium vapor for a signal beam using an additional pump laser at different frequency. A numerical model based on density matrix formalism is used. Experimental results of self-rotation and diffraction in a three-wave mixing process as well as beam amplification are shown. For 87Rb transition D2 line with Fg = 1, the nonlinearity to absorption ratio can be enhanced approximately two times with a pump beam tuned at Fg = 2 transition in a co-propagating scheme, which produces strong nonlinear interaction for Fg = 1 line at signal beam powers of ~10 mW.
We present experimental and numerical studies of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) in rubidium vapor excited with resonant light tuned to the 52 ⁣S1/2→62 ⁣P1/25^2\!S_{1/2}\rightarrow 6^2\!P_{1/2}52S1/2​→62P1/2​ absorption line (421~nm). Contrary to the experiments performed to date on the strong D1D_1D1​ or D2D_2D2​ lines, in this case, the spontaneous decay of the excited state 62 ⁣P1/26^2\!P_{1/2}62P1/2​ may occur via multiple intermediate states, affecting the dynamics, magnitude and other characteristics of NMOR. Comparing the experimental results with the results of modelling based on Auzinsh et al., Phys. Rev. A 80, 1 (2009), we demonstrate that despite the complexity of the structure, NMOR can be adequately described with a model, where only a single excited-state relaxation rate is used.
We present experimental and numerical studies of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) in rubidium vapor excited with resonant light tuned to the $5{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2}$ absorption line (421 nm). Contrary to the experiments performed to date on the strong D1{D}_{1}D1​ or D2{D}_{2}D2​ lines, in this case, the spontaneous decay of the excited state 62P1/26{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2}62P1/2​ may occur via multiple intermediate states, affecting the dynamics, magnitude, and other characteristics of NMOR. Comparing the experimental results with the results of modeling based on Auzinsh et al. [Phys. Rev. A 80, 053406 (2009)], we demonstrate that despite the complexity of the structure, NMOR can be adequately described with a model, where only a single excited-state relaxation rate is used.