Physical Review A

Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation in rubidium vapor excited with blue light

Szymon Pustelny, Laima Busaite, Marcis P. Auzinsh, A. M. Akulshin, N. Leefer, Dmitry Budker

Published Nov 9, 2015• 15 citations

Abstract

We present experimental and numerical studies of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) in rubidium vapor excited with resonant light tuned to the $5{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2}$ absorption line (421 nm). Contrary to the experiments performed to date on the strong ${D}_{1}$ or ${D}_{2}$ lines, in this case, the spontaneous decay of the excited state $6{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2}$ may occur via multiple intermediate states, affecting the dynamics, magnitude, and other characteristics of NMOR. Comparing the experimental results with the results of modeling based on Auzinsh et al. [Phys. Rev. A 80, 053406 (2009)], we demonstrate that despite the complexity of the structure, NMOR can be adequately described with a model, where only a single excited-state relaxation rate is used.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.92.053410

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Nonlinear Magneto-Optical Rotation in Rubidium Vapor Excited with Blue Light

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Physical Review A

Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation in rubidium vapor excited with blue light

Szymon Pustelny, Laima Busaite, Marcis P. Auzinsh, A. M. Akulshin, N. Leefer, Dmitry Budker

Published Nov 9, 2015• 15 citations

Publisher

Abstract

We present experimental and numerical studies of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) in rubidium vapor excited with resonant light tuned to the

5{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2}

absorption line (421 nm). Contrary to the experiments performed to date on the strong

{D}_{1}

{D}_{2}

lines, in this case, the spontaneous decay of the excited state

6{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2}

may occur via multiple intermediate states, affecting the dynamics, magnitude, and other characteristics of NMOR. Comparing the experimental results with the results of modeling based on Auzinsh et al. [Phys. Rev. A 80, 053406 (2009)], we demonstrate that despite the complexity of the structure, NMOR can be adequately described with a model, where only a single excited-state relaxation rate is used.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.92.053410

Related papers

Nonlinear Magneto-Optical Rotation in Rubidium Vapor Excited with Blue Light

Szymon Pustelny, Laima Busaite, A. M. Akulshin +3 more

We present experimental and numerical studies of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) in rubidium vapor excited with resonant light tuned to the $5^2\!S_{1/2}\rightarrow 6^2\!P_{1/2}$ absorption line (421~nm). Contrary to the experiments performed to date on the strong $D_1$ or $D_2$ lines, in this case, the spontaneous decay of the excited state $6^2\!P_{1/2}$ may occur via multiple intermediate states, affecting the dynamics, magnitude and other characteristics of NMOR. Comparing the experimental results with the results of modelling based on Auzinsh et al., Phys. Rev. A 80, 1 (2009), we demonstrate that despite the complexity of the structure, NMOR can be adequately described with a model, where only a single excited-state relaxation rate is used.We present experimental and numerical studies of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) in rubidium vapor excited with resonant light tuned to the $5^2\!S_{1/2}\rightarrow 6^2\!P_{1/2}$ absorption line (421~nm). Contrary to the experiments performed to date on the strong $D_1$ or $D_2$ lines, in this case, the spontaneous decay of the excited state $6^2\!P_{1/2}$ may occur via multiple intermediate states, affecting the dynamics, magnitude and other characteristics of NMOR. Comparing the experimental results with the results of modelling based on Auzinsh et al., Phys. Rev. A 80, 1 (2009), we demonstrate that despite the complexity of the structure, NMOR can be adequately described with a model, where only a single excited-state relaxation rate is used.

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Observation of the Strong Magneto-Optical Rotation of the Polarization of Light in Rubidium Vapor for Applications in Atomic Magnetometry

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Письма в Журнал экспериментальной и теоретической физикиApr 15, 20231 citation

Observation of the Strong Magneto-Optical Rotation of the Polarization of Light in Rubidium Vapor for Applications in Atomic Magnetometry

A. O. Makarov, Denis V. Brazhnikov, Andrei Goncharov

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics LettersApr 1, 202312 citations

Transient dynamics of a nonlinear magneto-optical rotation

Raghwinder Singh Grewal, Szymon Pustelny, Andrzej Rybak +1 more

We analyze nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) in rubidium vapor subjected to a continuously scanned magnetic field. By varying the magnetic-field sweep rate, a transition from traditionally observed dispersivelike NMOR signals (low sweep rate) to oscillating signals (higher sweep rates) is demonstrated. The transient oscillatory behavior is studied versus light and magnetic-field parameters, revealing a strong dependence of the signals on magnetic sweep rate and light intensity. The experimental results are supported with density-matrix calculations, which enable quantitative analysis of the effect. Fitting of the signals simulated versus different parameters with a theoretically motivated curve reveals the presence of oscillatory and static components in the signals. The components depend differently on the system parameters, which suggests their distinct nature. The investigations provide insight into the dynamics of ground-state coherence generation and enable application of NMOR in detection of transient spin couplings.We analyze nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) in rubidium vapor subjected to a continuously scanned magnetic field. By varying the magnetic-field sweep rate, a transition from traditionally observed dispersivelike NMOR signals (low sweep rate) to oscillating signals (higher sweep rates) is demonstrated. The transient oscillatory behavior is studied versus light and magnetic-field parameters, revealing a strong dependence of the signals on magnetic sweep rate and light intensity. The experimental results are supported with density-matrix calculations, which enable quantitative analysis of the effect. Fitting of the signals simulated versus different parameters with a theoretically motivated curve reveals the presence of oscillatory and static components in the signals. The components depend differently on the system parameters, which suggests their distinct nature. The investigations provide insight into the dynamics of ground-state coherence generation and enable application of NMOR in detection of transient spin couplings.

arXiv:1711.06028Physical Review AApr 16, 201816 citations

Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation and Zeeman and hyperfine relaxation of potassium atoms in a paraffin-coated cell

Jennie Guzman, Adam M. Wojciechowski, J. E. Stalnaker +3 more

Nonlinear magneto-optical Faraday rotation (NMOR) on the potassium D1 and D2 lines was used to study Zeeman relaxation rates in an antirelaxation paraffin-coated $3\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{cm}$-diameter potassium vapor cell. Intrinsic Zeeman relaxation rates of ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}^{NMOR}∕2\ensuremath{\pi}=2.0(6)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz}$ were observed. The relatively small hyperfine intervals in potassium lead to significant differences in NMOR in potassium compared to rubidium and cesium. Using laser optical pumping, widths and frequency shifts were also determined for transitions between ground-state hyperfine sublevels of $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ atoms contained in the same paraffin-coated cell. The intrinsic hyperfine relaxation rate of ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{\mathit{expt}}^{\mathit{hf}}∕2\ensuremath{\pi}=10.6(7)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz}$ and a shift of $\ensuremath{-}9.1(2)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz}$ were observed. These results show that adiabatic relaxation gives only a small contribution to the overall hyperfine relaxation in the case of potassium, and the relaxation is dominated by other mechanisms similar to those observed in previous studies with rubidium.Nonlinear magneto-optical Faraday rotation (NMOR) on the potassium D1 and D2 lines was used to study Zeeman relaxation rates in an antirelaxation paraffin-coated $3\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{cm}$-diameter potassium vapor cell. Intrinsic Zeeman relaxation rates of ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}^{NMOR}∕2\ensuremath{\pi}=2.0(6)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz}$ were observed. The relatively small hyperfine intervals in potassium lead to significant differences in NMOR in potassium compared to rubidium and cesium. Using laser optical pumping, widths and frequency shifts were also determined for transitions between ground-state hyperfine sublevels of $^{39}\mathrm{K}$ atoms contained in the same paraffin-coated cell. The intrinsic hyperfine relaxation rate of ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{\mathit{expt}}^{\mathit{hf}}∕2\ensuremath{\pi}=10.6(7)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz}$ and a shift of $\ensuremath{-}9.1(2)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz}$ were observed. These results show that adiabatic relaxation gives only a small contribution to the overall hyperfine relaxation in the case of potassium, and the relaxation is dominated by other mechanisms similar to those observed in previous studies with rubidium.

arXiv:physics/0607061Physical Review ANov 21, 200634 citations

We present experimental and numerical studies of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) in rubidium vapor excited with resonant light tuned to the

5{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{S}_{1/2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2}

absorption line (421 nm). Contrary to the experiments performed to date on the strong

{D}_{1}

{D}_{2}

lines, in this case, the spontaneous decay of the excited state

6{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{P}_{1/2}

We present experimental and numerical studies of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) in rubidium vapor excited with resonant light tuned to the

5^2\!S_{1/2}\rightarrow 6^2\!P_{1/2}

absorption line (421~nm). Contrary to the experiments performed to date on the strong

D_1

D_2

lines, in this case, the spontaneous decay of the excited state

6^2\!P_{1/2}

may occur via multiple intermediate states, affecting the dynamics, magnitude and other characteristics of NMOR. Comparing the experimental results with the results of modelling based on Auzinsh et al., Phys. Rev. A 80, 1 (2009), we demonstrate that despite the complexity of the structure, NMOR can be adequately described with a model, where only a single excited-state relaxation rate is used.

^{39}\mathrm{K}

atoms contained in the same paraffin-coated cell. The intrinsic hyperfine relaxation rate of ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{\mathit{expt}}^{\mathit{hf}}∕2\ensuremath{\pi}=10.6(7)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz}$ and a shift of $\ensuremath{-}9.1(2)\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Hz}$ were observed. These results show that adiabatic relaxation gives only a small contribution to the overall hyperfine relaxation in the case of potassium, and the relaxation is dominated by other mechanisms similar to those observed in previous studies with rubidium.