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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Two-coherent-wave coupling in Rhodamine 110-doped boric acid glass solid films

Ramesh C. Sharma, Anjan Barman, Surya N. Thakur, Jagdish P. Singh

Published Apr 17, 2007• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report the energy-transfer efficiency in a saturable absorber nonlinear media by two-coherent-wave coupling using the Doppler shift. Intensity-dependent nondegenerate two-beam coupling has been studied in Rhodamine 110-doped boric acid glass films. Two beams have been described in the limit of a weak probe and a relatively strong pump at the wavelength 488 nm from a continuous-wave Ar+ laser. The results have been interpreted in terms of the four-level description of a saturable absorber. We obtained good agreement between the experimental and the theoretical results. Estimated values of the nonlinear parameters such as the saturation intensity, refractive index, and the response time of the optical nonlinearity have been obtained at different pump beam intensities for the first time, to our knowledge, in the Rhodamine 110-doped film.

DOI
10.1364/josab.24.001130

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We report the energy-transfer efficiency in a saturable absorber nonlinear media by two-coherent-wave coupling using the Doppler shift. Intensity-dependent nondegenerate two-beam coupling has been studied in Rhodamine 110-doped boric acid glass films. Two beams have been described in the limit of a weak probe and a relatively strong pump at the wavelength 488 nm from a continuous-wave Ar+ laser. The results have been interpreted in terms of the four-level description of a saturable absorber. We obtained good agreement between the experimental and the theoretical results. Estimated values of the nonlinear parameters such as the saturation intensity, refractive index, and the response time of the optical nonlinearity have been obtained at different pump beam intensities for the first time, to our knowledge, in the Rhodamine 110-doped film.
The optical phase conjugation signal in nearly nondegenerate four wave mixing was studied using a rhodamine 110 doped boric acid glass saturable absorber nonlinear medium. We have demonstrated a narrow band optical filter (2.56±0.15Hz) using an optical phase conjugation signal in the frequency modulation of a weak probe beam in the presence of two strong counterpropagating pump beams in rhodamine 110 doped boric acid glass thin films (10−4m). Both the pump beams and the probe beam are at a wavelength of 488nm (continuous-wave Ar+ laser). The probe beam frequency was detuned with a ramp signal using a piezoelectric transducer mirror.
The ratio of the imaginary to the real part of the complex nonlinear refractive index has been measured by two-wave mixing in acridine orange doped fluorophosphate glass, fluorescein doped boric acid glass, and ruby at argon-ion wavelengths. A new and simple two-wave mixing measurement is described in which one of the beams contributing to a stationary interference pattern in the nonlinear absorber is subject to a phase transient. This results in a variation of the energy coupling between the beams from which the phase of the nonlinear index and also the sign of its real and imaginary parts can be determined. A simple theory based on homogeneously broadened absorption agrees with the phase of the nonlinear index in acridine, but not in fluorescein where excited state absorption is determined to be greater than absorption from the ground state. These results are compared with new nondegenerate two-wave mixing measurements in which the contribution from the phase and absorption gratings can be determined independently.1 Comparison of results from the two approaches enables the contribution of excited state absorption to the two-wave mixing to be qualified.
We analyze power transfer by nearly degenerate two-wave mixing (TWM) in a saturable absorbing medium by assuming a three-level model for the saturable absorbing medium. The theoretical results are compared with the experimental ones by using an erythrosin-B-doped polymer film as the saturable absorbing medium. Pump-intensity-dependent behavior of the TWM gain that is predicted by the theory was experimentally verified with this dye-doped film. The saturation intensity Is and the detuning parameter δ of erythrosin B were estimated by the comparison of the theory and the experiment: Is ≈ 1.6 W/cm2, δ ≈ 1.1. The theoretical curves calculated from these values are in good agreement with the experimental curves near resonance, whereas they disagree with the experimental results as the laser frequency shifts off resonance.
The temporal evolution of optical nonlinearities is an important element in the choice of materials suitable for applications such as optical switches, real-time optical correlators, and optical memories. In this paper, we report a study of the nonlinear optical properties of a (1) saturable absorber (rhodamine 6G) in solution (water and methanol) and also embedded in a polyvinyl alcohol matrix and (2) a thin film of glass doped with CdSxSe1-x microcrystallites. The temporal response of the phase-conjugate signal obtained by degenerate four-wave mixing, as well as the dynamic of higher-order resonant signals have been investigated by means of a frequency-doubled picosecond Nd:YAG laser. Intensity-dependent relaxation times have been found for some materials. Merit figures (defined as the ratio between the nonlinear susceptibility and its relaxation time) of these media have been considered for different polarization configurations. Physical mechanisms involved in the grating relaxation for these different media will be discussed.
The solution of the nondegenerate two-wave-mixing problem in an absorptive Kerr medium including the contribution from nonlinear absorption is obtained for the first time to our knowledge. This solution enables us to analyze the influence of nonlinear absorption on the two-wave-mixing gain and account for previously unexplained results reported for ruby and Cr3+:YAlO3. The effect of nonlinear absorption of a pump beam on the gain of a probe beam is shown to be minimized when incident intensities of the interacting beams are equal. The intensity dependence of the two-wave-mixing gain for dispersive (ruby and Cr3+:YAlO3) media and the gain measurements for absorptive (fluorescein-doped glass) media are also in agreement with the new theory.