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IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics

Wavelength conversion in distributed-feedback lasers

Jeffrey R. Minch, Chih‐Sheng Chang, S. L. Chuang

Published Apr 1, 1997• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present both theoretical and experimental studies of four-wave mixing in a distributed-feedback (DFB) laser. The measured amplified spontaneous emission and probe gain spectra are also used to extract the DFB laser parameters. We use mean-field theory to investigate both nearly degenerate and non-degenerate four-wave mixings. For small pump-probe detunings, the dependence of multiple conjugate waves on the pump and probe powers is measured. For larger detunings, the gain of the probe signal and the conversion efficiency are measured in great detail up to a detuning of /spl plusmn/550 GHz. The measured conversion efficiencies as a function of the pump-probe detuning and the power scaling laws are compared with those of the theoretical results. We also demonstrate the DFB cavity effects on the conversion efficiency spectrum.

DOI
10.1109/2944.605708

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Nearly degenerate four wave mixing in DFB lasers

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Degenerate Four Wave Mixing (DFWM) and Nearly Degenerate Four Wave Mixing (NDFWM) have attracted a considerable attention in non-linear optics. DFWM has found several applications in phase conjugation, used in real time holography and adaptive optics. To realize a higher amplification of the conjugate wave, semiconductor amplifiers have been used. A theoretical analysis of the NDFWM process has been presented by Agrawal [1]. Here, an experimental and theoretical analysis of NDFWM in Distributed Feedback (DFB) lasers is proposed, where the FWM efficiency is enhanced by the cavity feedback mechanism.

IEEE International Semiconductor Laser Conference (ISLC)•Aug 24, 2005•1 citation
We present both theoretical and experimental studies of four-wave mixing in a distributed-feedback (DFB) laser. The measured amplified spontaneous emission and probe gain spectra are also used to extract the DFB laser parameters. We use mean-field theory to investigate both nearly degenerate and non-degenerate four-wave mixings. For small pump-probe detunings, the dependence of multiple conjugate waves on the pump and probe powers is measured. For larger detunings, the gain of the probe signal and the conversion efficiency are measured in great detail up to a detuning of /spl plusmn/550 GHz. The measured conversion efficiencies as a function of the pump-probe detuning and the power scaling laws are compared with those of the theoretical results. We also demonstrate the DFB cavity effects on the conversion efficiency spectrum.
We present a comprehensive theoretical model with experimental results on four-wave mixing in a distributed feedback laser with two pump modes. Here the twin lasing modes serve as pump waves for the four-wave mixing, which takes place within the laser cavity. We show what we believe are new experimental measurements of the two-pump four-wave mixing conversion efficiency spectrum and show that, to first order, there is no fundamental dependence of the conversion efficiency on pump separation. This result indicates significant improvement in the probe and conjugate wavelength separation and in the conversion efficiency. Our theoretical model agrees quite well with the measured data and predicts the key experimentally observed phenomena, including the relative invariance of the conversion efficiency on pump separation, and the strong enhancement of certain conjugate waves when the probe detuning is close to the pump separation.
Nearly degenerate four-wave mixing in distributed feedback semiconductor lasers above threshold in investigated theoretically and experimentally. The experimental results reveal an almost symmetric amplification of probe and conjugate fields versus frequency with respect to zero pump-probe detuning, in contrast with observations in traveling wave amplifiers. The result of the theory, based on the coupled mode formalism, is a set of nonlinear differential equations which are solved in the mean field approximation. The theory is shown to match well with the experimental results when the effect of the nonlinear gain compression is taken into account.>
Nearly degenerate four-wave mixing in Fabry-Perot laser diodes subject to strong probe injection power is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The measured reflectivity efficiencies of signal and conjugate waves demonstrate significantly different behaviors for strong signal injection power, compared to small probe injection power. Nearly uniform conversion efficiency of order 20 - 30 dB for frequency detuning up to 3 GHz is obtained at about 0.8 (mu) W launched probe power. These experimental measurements show good agreement with numerical simulations based on an advanced model taking into account the effects of pump depletion, carrier diffusion, gain saturation as well as gain compression.
Degenerate Four Wave Mixing (DFWM) and Nearly Degenerate Four Wave Mixing (NDFWM) have attracted a considerable attention in non-linear optics. DFWM has found several applications in phase conjugation, used in real time holography and adaptive optics. To realize a higher amplification of the conjugate wave, semiconductor amplifiers have been used. A theoretical analysis of the NDFWM process has been presented by Agrawal [1]. Here, an experimental and theoretical analysis of NDFWM in Distributed Feedback (DFB) lasers is proposed, where the FWM efficiency is enhanced by the cavity feedback mechanism.