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Scalable, High-Speed, Digital Single-Flux-Quantum Circuits at NIST

P. F. Hopkins, Manuel C. Castellanos Beltran, Christine A. Donnelly +4 more

Jun 12, 20170 citations

High-speed single-flux-quantum circuit using planarized niobium-trilayer Josephson junction technology

P. Bunyk, A. Oliva, Vasili K. Semenov +5 more

A simple test circuit of the rapid single-flux-quantum (RSFQ) logic family has been implemented in a planarized all-refractory technology using only two superconducting layers and small Nb/AlOx/Nb Josephson junctions (nominally 1.5×1.5 μm2) with critical current density jc≊6 kA/cm2. A special layout design of the integrated circuit (including a SFQ pulse generator, Josephson transmission line, and T flip–flop) was used to reduce 3D inductances resulting from absence of the ground plane. For samples with various junction parameters, the maximum frequency of the SFQ pulse train, which could be divided by 2 by the flip–flop, ranged from 200 to 370 GHz.A simple test circuit of the rapid single-flux-quantum (RSFQ) logic family has been implemented in a planarized all-refractory technology using only two superconducting layers and small Nb/AlOx/Nb Josephson junctions (nominally 1.5×1.5 μm2) with critical current density jc≊6 kA/cm2. A special layout design of the integrated circuit (including a SFQ pulse generator, Josephson transmission line, and T flip–flop) was used to reduce 3D inductances resulting from absence of the ground plane. For samples with various junction parameters, the maximum frequency of the SFQ pulse train, which could be divided by 2 by the flip–flop, ranged from 200 to 370 GHz.

Applied Physics LettersJan 30, 199565 citations

A niobium nitride-based analog to digital converter using rapid single flux quantum logic operating at 9.5 K

Masoud Radparvar

An analog to digital converter (ADC) using the rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) logic family implemented in niobium nitride (NbN) technology is described. The circuit was originally developed and demonstrated in niobium technology. An identical circuit was then laid out, fabricated and demonstrated in NbN technology. The chips were fabricated using an eight-layer NbN-based process with Josephson junction critical current density of 500 A/cm/sup 2/. In this paper, we report on the measurement results for a 6-bit flux quantizing ADC which exhibited proper operation and good DC bias margins. We also demonstrate results from an ADC chip operating up to 9.5 K.>An analog to digital converter (ADC) using the rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) logic family implemented in niobium nitride (NbN) technology is described. The circuit was originally developed and demonstrated in niobium technology. An identical circuit was then laid out, fabricated and demonstrated in NbN technology. The chips were fabricated using an eight-layer NbN-based process with Josephson junction critical current density of 500 A/cm/sup 2/. In this paper, we report on the measurement results for a 6-bit flux quantizing ADC which exhibited proper operation and good DC bias margins. We also demonstrate results from an ADC chip operating up to 9.5 K.>

IEEE Transactions on Applied SuperconductivityJun 1, 199414 citations

Low power high speed computing using rapid single flux quantum circuits

Sasan Razmkhah

Jan 1, 20180 citations

Superconductive single-flux quantum technology

Oleg A. Mukhanov

Key digital circuits for signal processing with tens of gigahertz speed and a few microwatts power dissipation have been recently demonstrated using a simple, 2 /spl mu/m linewidth process. These are the fastest digital circuits reported to date. These circuits use novel rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) technology that takes advantage of the fundamental properties of superconductivity. In this technology, data and clock are picosecond-long quantized voltage pulses corresponding to the transfer of single magnetic flux quanta, /spl Phisub 0/=h/2e=2 mVps. These SFQ pulses are regenerated at each gate and are processed by circuits comprised of overdamped Josephson junctions interconnected via microstrip inductances. The inherent internal memory of all RSFQ gates (primarily flip-flops), combined with high switching speed, makes serial, bit-pipelined circuit design advantageous. This paper presents experiments in RSFQ digital circuits, including an N/spl times/8b serial multiplier, and on-chip test systems based on RSFQ shift registers and on SFQ samplers. They enable test and study of RSFQ circuits at full GHz speed while communicating with semiconductor electronics at low speed.>Key digital circuits for signal processing with tens of gigahertz speed and a few microwatts power dissipation have been recently demonstrated using a simple, 2 /spl mu/m linewidth process. These are the fastest digital circuits reported to date. These circuits use novel rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) technology that takes advantage of the fundamental properties of superconductivity. In this technology, data and clock are picosecond-long quantized voltage pulses corresponding to the transfer of single magnetic flux quanta, /spl Phisub 0/=h/2e=2 mVps. These SFQ pulses are regenerated at each gate and are processed by circuits comprised of overdamped Josephson junctions interconnected via microstrip inductances. The inherent internal memory of all RSFQ gates (primarily flip-flops), combined with high switching speed, makes serial, bit-pipelined circuit design advantageous. This paper presents experiments in RSFQ digital circuits, including an N/spl times/8b serial multiplier, and on-chip test systems based on RSFQ shift registers and on SFQ samplers. They enable test and study of RSFQ circuits at full GHz speed while communicating with semiconductor electronics at low speed.>

Digest of technical papers/Digest of technical papers - IEEE International Solid-State Circuits ConferenceDec 17, 20028 citations

Design infrastructure for Rapid Single Flux Quantum circuits

Hannes Toepfer, Thomas Ortlepp

CryogenicsFeb 26, 20098 citations

Ultra-high-speed rapid single-flux-quantum digital circuits. using a planarized-niobium-trilaver josephson junction technology

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