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International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks

An all optical configurable and secure OCDMA system implementation using loop based optical delay lines

Walid Abdallah, Mohamed Hamdi, Noureddine A. Boudriga

Published Jun 1, 2011• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This paper describes the physical implementation of an all-optical implementation security architecture for optical code division multiple access networks based on lattice cryptography. Our design is mainly based on the use of loop-based optical delay lines and fiber Bragg grating. The encryption process is achieved by delaying a pulse in the optical delay line according to the structure of the codewords. The number of loops is defined by the position of the pulse in codeword. We demonstrate that our implementation is less complex and more flexible than classical approaches such as fixed length optical delay lines. In addition, a performance evaluation using eye diagrams shows that our architecture is more robust against eavesdropping security attacks.

DOI
10.1109/icton.2011.5970837

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This paper describes the physical implementation of an all-optical implementation security architecture for optical code division multiple access networks based on lattice cryptography. Our design is mainly based on the use of loop-based optical delay lines and fiber Bragg grating. The encryption process is achieved by delaying a pulse in the optical delay line according to the structure of the codewords. The number of loops is defined by the position of the pulse in codeword. We demonstrate that our implementation is less complex and more flexible than classical approaches such as fixed length optical delay lines. In addition, a performance evaluation using eye diagrams shows that our architecture is more robust against eavesdropping security attacks.
This paper proposes a security architecture for optical code division multiple access networks based on lattice cryptography. Unlike existing approaches, which have mainly focused on optical components such as phase masks and delay lines, our cryptosystem encompasses a secure code construction process. In fact, given a set of optical orthogonal codewords, we associate a pair of bases (a public basis and a private basis) to every user and we show that the projection of a codeword on the public basis of the receiver and the addition of a random error enhances the confidentiality performance of the code. The proposed public key cryptosystem is based on lattice cryptography. The security of this scheme relies mainly on the complexity of the closest vector-problem in an integer lattice. We found that our technique performs better than the existing approaches in terms of robustness to cryptanalysis. We also study the security of our lattice cryptosystem with regard to the properties of the bases pairs and the error vectors.
We demonstrate the first all-optical optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) encryption and decryption system with variable two-code keying. The nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM)-based exclusive or (xor) employed in encryption utilizes the shortest length silica-based nonlinear fiber element to date, enabling a compact architecture. Fiber Bragg grating arrays create wavelength-hopping time-spreading OCDMA codes from broadband pulses at output ports of the xor resulting in variable two-code keying, a code-switching modulation format characterized by a random alternation in bit representation and immunity to differential analysis unlike fixed two-code keying. The terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer employed in decryption shows mutual compatibility of nonlinear fiber-based and semiconductor optical amplifier-based NOLM configurations. Our architecture can potentially perform one-time pad encryption and decryption for unconditional security.
This paper discusses the use of lattice cryptography and chaotic maps to encrypt OCDMA-coded optical flows. Unlike existing approaches, which have mainly focused on optical components such as phase masks and delay lines, our cryptosystem encompasses a secure code construction process. In fact, assuming that a pair of bases (a public basis and a private basis) is associated to every user, the OCDMA code-words are projected on a public basis before being sent so that only the user possessing the corresponding private basis can decrypt the keyword. We show that the projection of a codeword on the public basis of the receiver and the addition of a chaotic error enhances the confidentiality performance of the code. This distribution of this error is generated using a chaotic map. In this work, we study the impact of the parameters of this chaotic map on the robustness of the proposed cryptosystem.
This paper puts forward a cross-layer security model for optical networks using Spectral Amplitude CodingOptical Code Division Multiple Access (SAC-OCDMA) as a combination with optical cryptography. The new architecture provides data confidentiality through two layers of protection: (1) physical layer Bragg filter-based spectral encoding and (2) data layer XOR logic gate-based encryption through a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (SOA-MZI). In this method, unauthorized users must bypass both the spectral coding and optical encryption mechanisms, which significantly strengthen transmission security. The system is simulated using OptiSystem software, and the results show an improved perfor- mance of the Bit Error Rate (BER) and Quality (Q) factors. This hybrid optical security model demonstrates high potential for applications in secure fiber-optic communication networks.
We present the development of a multi-user cross-layer security network implemented on the optical code-division multiple access (OCDMA) with newly designed hybrid 2D-modified Walsh code (MWC) along with an algorithmic approach in cryptography domain. Minimum BER value is evaluated on the order of 10 − 50 using our designed MWC, which is comparatively lower than other existing codes. The security performance of the network was analyzed using the probability detection parameter, which was found to be superior apart from few other available existing codes. The enhancement of the quality and grade of security in this network eavesdropper can intercept the designed optical code of OCDMA in the physical layer. It compels one to break the security in the data-layer to access the original code. We also calculated the probability of successful data interception as a function of time complexity. Furthermore, we presented the simulation of the hybrid system using the OptiSystem simulator.
Optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) is considered as a good technique to provide optical layer security. Many research works have been published to enhance optical network security by using optical signal processing. The paper, demonstrates the design of the AWG (arrayed waveguide grating) router-based optical network for spectral-amplitude-coding (SAC) OCDMA networks with Walsh Code to design a reconfigurable network codec by changing signature codes to against eavesdropping. In this paper we proposed a code reconfiguration scheme to improve the network access confidentiality changing the signature codes by cyclic rotations, for OCDMA system. Each of the OCDMA network users is assigned a unique signature code to transmit the information and at the receiving end each receiver correlates its own signature pattern a(n) with the receiving pattern s(n). The signal arriving at proper destination leads to s(n)=a(n).