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Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics

Transparency in nanophotonic quantum wires

Mahi R. Singh

Published Mar 9, 2009• 18 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We have studied the quantum optics of a photonic quantum nanowire doped with an ensemble of three-level nanoparticles.The wire is made from two photonic crystals A and B. Crystal A is embedded within crystal B and acts as a photonic nanowire.It is considered that the conduction band of crystal A lies below that of crystal B. As a result, photons are confined in crystal A and are reflected from crystal B. The bound states of the confined photons are calculated using the transfer matrix method.It is found that the number of bound states in the wire depends on the size of the wire and the energy difference between the conduction band extrema of crystals A and B. The absorption coefficient of the system has also been calculated using the Schrödinger equation method.It is considered that the nanoparticles interact with the photonic bound states.Numerical simulations show that when one of the resonance energies lies near the bound state, the system becomes transparent.However, when the resonance energy lies away from the bound state the crystal reverts to an absorbing state.Similarly, when the radius of the dielectric spheres is changed the location of the transparency peak is shifted.This means that the present system can be switched between two states by changing the size of the wire and the transition energy.These findings can be used to make new types of optical devices.

DOI
10.1088/0953-4075/42/6/065503

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We have studied the phenomenon of two-photon absorption in photonic nanowires doped with an ensemble of four-level nanoparticles. The photonic nanowire is made from two photonic crystals, A and B, where A is embedded in B. Photons are confined in the nanowire due to the band structure engineering of photonic crystals. It is considered that one of the resonance levels of nanoparticles lies near a photon-bound state of the nanowire. The two-photon absorption coefficient has been calculated using the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. It is found that there is an inhibition of two-photon absorption in the system. This is due to the strong coupling between nanoparticles and the nanowire.
Quantum optics of metallic photonic crystals is studied in this paper. Crystals are made from metallic spheres and a background dielectric material. The refractive index of the metallic spheres depends on the frequencies of the incident light and plasmons whereas the refractive index of the background material is a constant. Crystals are lightly doped with four-level nanoparticles. It is considered that nanoparticles are interacting with the metallic crystals via electron-photon interaction in the dipole approximation. The probe and pump laser fields are applied to monitor the absorption spectrum in the system. Two transparent states are predicted. One is due to the electromagnetically induced transparency and the other is due to the electron-photon interaction. For certain experimental conditions these transparent states merge into one transparent state. The effect of plasmon frequencies has also been studied. It is found that the system can be switched from a transparent state to an absorbing state just by changing the frequency of plasmons. This study can be used to makes new types of optical devices such as switches and optical transistors.
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Abstract We have studied the absorption phenomenon in photonic quantum wells doped with an ensemble of three‐level nanoparticles. Photons are confined in the quantum well due to the band structure engineering. The bound states of the confined photon are calculated by using the transfer matrix method and it is found that the number of bound states in the quantum well depends on the size and the depth of the quan tum well. A probe lasers is applied to monitor the absorption spectrum. Nanoparticles are interacting with the bound photons within the quantum well. It is found that when the resonance energy of nanoparticles lies near the ground bound state, the system becomes transparent. These properties can be used to make new types of optoelectronic devices. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
We study a dielectric catastrophe in a new class of materials called nanophotonic quantum wires. They are made from two types of photonic crystals where one is embedded in the other. It is considered that the embedded crystal is made from nonlinear dielectric spheres. The wire is doped with an ensemble of nanoparticles which are interacting with each other via the dipole‐dipole interaction. The absorption coefficient of the wire has been investigated in the presence a weak probe laser and a strong pump laser. The probe field measures the absorption spectrum and the pump field changes the refractive index of nonlinear photonic crystals due to the Kerr effect. The density matrix method is used to calculate the absorption coefficient. Numerical simulations have been performed for the dielectric constant and the photon bound states. It is found that the dielectric constant of the system has a singularity when the resonance energy of a nanoparticle lies near the bound photon states of the wire. This is known as the dielectric catastrophe. This phenomenon can be used to make all‐optical switching devices.
We consider that a photonic crystal is embedded with two dielectric slabs. The size of the slabs is of the order of nanometer size. The system is called a double photonic heterostructure. We use the transfer matrix method to calculate the energy eigenvalues of photons. It is found that photons can tunnel from one heterostructure to another. The heterostructures are doped with quantum dots which has four electronic states. We have performed the numerical simulations of the two-photon absorption in the presence of a probe and a pump laser fields. It is found that when the heterostructures are far away with each other we observed a transparent state in the two-photon absorption spectrum. However, when the wires are close to each other we found two transparent states in the two photon process. This phenomenon is due to the coupling between two heterostructures. We anticipate that the findings of the present research can be useful to make new types of optoelectronic devices.